多喷嘴喷雾冷却表面传热特性实验研究  

Experimental study on heat transfer characteristics of multi nozzle spray cooling surface

作　　者：李晓阳 李东[1] 陶明磊 周致富[1] 张灵怡 苏力争 张天宁 李智[2] 陈斌[1] LI Xiaoyang;LI Dong;TAO Minglei;ZHOU Zhifu;ZHANG Lingyi;SU Lizheng;ZHANG Tianning;LI Zhi;CHEN Bin(State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,Shaanxi,China;Xi’an Institute of Electronic Engineering,Xi’an 710100,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学动力工程多相流国家重点实验室,陕西西安710049 [2]西安电子工程研究所,陕西西安710100

出　　处：《化工学报》2024年第1期231-241,共11页CIESC Journal

基　　金：基础加强基金项目(2021-JCJQ-JJ-0718)。

摘　　要：低沸点制冷剂(R134a)喷雾冷却能快速降低表面温度,在高性能芯片等电子设备热管理、生物医学中均具有广泛应用,可实现喷雾表面的低温高效散热。多喷嘴喷雾冷却可实现较大冷却表面的均匀冷却及冷量的灵活调控。搭建了制冷剂喷雾冷却实验台,研究了多喷嘴喷雾冷却表面传热特性,并分析了喷嘴的孔径、间距、高度、喷雾时间和喷雾压力等因素对多喷嘴喷雾冷却表面传热特性的影响。结果表明:喷嘴孔径对冷却均匀性影响最大,其次是喷嘴间距,适当的喷嘴孔径(0.4 mm)和间距(11 mm)能使制冷剂喷雾在表面合理分布,最低温Tmin能达到最小值;10 mm喷嘴高度和1.2 MPa喷雾压力可以使液滴充分雾化并延长有效冷却时间。Low boiling refrigerant(R134a)spray cooling can rapidly reduce the surface temperature.It is widely used in the thermal management of electronic equipment such as high-performance chips and biomedicine,and can achieve low temperature and efficient heat dissipation on the spray surface.Multi nozzle spray cooling can realize uniform cooling of large cooling surface and flexible control of cooling capacity.A refrigerant spray cooling test rig was set up to study the heat transfer characteristics of multi nozzle spray cooling on the surface,and to analyze the effects of nozzle outlet aperture,nozzle height,spray time and spray back pressure on the heat transfer characteristics of multi nozzle spray cooling surface.The results show that the nozzle aperture has the greatest influence on the cooling uniformity,followed by the nozzle spacing.Appropriate nozzle aperture(0.4 mm)and spacing(11 mm)can make the refrigerant spray reasonably distributed on the surface,and the lowest temperature Tmin can reach the minimum value.10 mm nozzle height and 1.2 MPa spray pressure can make the droplets fully atomized and extend the effective cooling time.

关 键 词：喷雾冷却 瞬态传热 电子热管理 R134A 

分 类 号：TK124[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]