水稻开花期高温热害响应机理及其调控技术研究进展  

Research Progress in Mechanism Behind Heat Damage and Its Regulatory Techniques During Flowering in Rice

作　　者：许用强 姜宁 奉保华[1] 肖晶晶[3] 陶龙兴[1] 符冠富[1] XU Yongqiang;JIANG Ning;FENG Baohua;XIAO Jingjing;TAO Longxing;FU Guanfu(State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding,China National Rice Research Institute,Hangzhou 310006,China;People's Government of Xizhou Town,Xiangshan County,Ningbo 315722,China;Zhejiang Climate Centre,Hangzhou 310017,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水稻研究所,水稻生物育种全国重点实验室,杭州311400 [2]象山县西周镇人民政府,宁波315722 [3]浙江省气候中心,杭州310017

出　　处：《中国水稻科学》2024年第2期111-126,共16页Chinese Journal of Rice Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFD2300700);浙江省自然科学基金探索项目(Z23C130001,LY22C130003);浙江省基础公益计划资助项目(LGF22D050007);浙江省气象科技计划资助项目(2022ZD07)。

摘　　要：近年来,频繁发生的极端高温天气严重影响了水稻的生长发育、产量及稻米品质形成。水稻开花期对高温最为敏感,研究花期高温诱导小穗败育机理及其调控措施对减缓水稻高温热害,保障我国粮食安全生产具有重要意义。本文综述了高温下水稻颖花开放、花药开裂及散粉、柱头花粉粒萌发及花粉管伸长的特征及其作用机制,探究水稻花期耐热性调控机制以及减缓水稻花期高温热害的栽培调控措施,不仅为水稻花期高温热害机理及防控技术研究提供新的研究思路,还对今后的研究方向进行了展望。In recent years,extremely high temperatures have significantly impacted rice growth,yield,and quality.The flowering stage of rice is particularly sensitive to high temperatures,making it crucial to study their effects on spikelet fertility and cultivation techniques.To mitigate high-temperature damage to rice and enhance food security,this paper reviews the characteristics and mechanisms of rice floret opening,anther dehiscence,pollen scattering,pollen germination,and pollen tube elongation under high-temperature stress.It clarifies the regulatory mechanisms of heat tolerance during rice flowering and proposes cultivation measures to alleviate high-temperature damage.This paper offers new insights into heat resistance mechanisms and cultivation technologies at the rice flowering stage,with promising implications for future research.

关 键 词：水稻 花期高温胁迫 小穗育性 生理机制 调控措施 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]