复合益生菌对染菌白羽肉鸡生长性能及肠道形态、菌群的影响  

Effects of Compound Probiotics on Growth Performance,Intestinal Morphology and Intestinal Microbial Composition of White Feather Broilers Infected with Clostridium perfringens

作　　者：徐美余 罗成莹 辛维岗 张关令 王春 李亚萍 林连兵[1,2] XU Meiyu;LUO Chengying;XIN Weigang;ZHANG Guanling;WANG Chun;LI Yaping;LIN Lianbing(Faculty of Life Science and Technology,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500 China;Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology of Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College,Kunming 650500,China;Kunming Saturn Biological technology Group,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学生命科学与技术学院,云南昆明650500 [2]云南省高校饲用抗生素替代技术工程研究中心,云南昆明650500 [3]昆明三正生物科技(集团)有限公司,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《食品与生物技术学报》2024年第2期97-106,共10页Journal of Food Science and Biotechnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31760042)。

摘　　要：为探究白羽肉鸡在产气荚膜梭菌感染条件下,在基础日粮中添加不同水平的复合益生菌对白羽肉鸡生长性能、肠道形态及肠道菌群结构的影响。使用产气荚膜梭菌感染3日龄的健康白羽肉鸡,在基础饲粮中分别添加不同剂量(高500 mg/kg、中200 mg/kg、低50 mg/kg)由枯草芽孢杆菌和地衣芽孢杆菌组成的复合益生菌与金霉素制剂(50μg/g)饲喂21 d。利用第二代测序技术测定白羽肉鸡盲肠肠道菌群,分析其多样性和组间差异,并记录其对生长性能和肠道形态的影响。结果显示,饲喂高、中剂量的复合益生菌显著降低了白羽肉鸡的料肉质量比,提升了肠道绒隐比(P<0.05),与金霉素制剂组结果相似。同时,饲喂不同剂量的复合益生菌和金霉素制剂后,白羽肉鸡盲肠肠道菌群的丰富度和多样性均发生了变化,复合益生菌均能够显著提升Simpson指数(P<0.05)。此外,比较复合益生菌、金霉素制剂与空白组在门水平上的优势菌群变化,发现软壁菌门相对丰度均显著下降(P<0.05)。在属水平上,发现Fournierella属的相对丰度显著升高,Lachnospiraceae属的相对丰度显著下降(P<0.05)。揭示了复合益生菌对白羽肉鸡的生长性能和肠道菌群结构均有促进作用,为更全面了解复合益生菌替代抗生素应用于白羽肉鸡养殖提供重要的理论依据。To explore the effects of different levels of compound probiotics on the growth performance,intestinal morphology and intestinal microbial composition of white feather broilers under the condition of Clostridium perfringens infection.Three-day-old healthy white feather broilers which have been infected with Clostridium perfringens were fed a basal diet supplemented with high(500 mg/kg),medium(200 mg/kg)and low(50 mg/kg)doses of compound probiotics composed of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis and 50μg/g chlortetracycline for 21 days.The intestinal microbial composition in cecum of white feather broilers and its diversity and differences between groups were analyzed based on the second-generation high-throughput sequencing technology.The results showed that feeding high and medium doses of compound probiotics significantly decreased the feed to meat ratio and increased the villus height to crypt depth ratio of white feather broilers(P<0.05),similar to chlortetracyline preparation group.At the same time,the richness and diversity changed after feeding different doses of compound probiotics and chlortetracyline preparation,and the compound probiotics significantly improved the Simpson index(P<0.05).In addition,comparing the changes of dominant flora at phylum level between compound probiotics,chlortetracyline preparation and blank group,it was found that the relative abundance of Tenericutes decreased significantly(P<0.05).At the genus level,it was found that the relative abundance of Fournierella increased significantly.The relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae decreased significantly(P<0.05).The results reveal that compound probiotics can promote the growth performance and intestinal microflora structure of white feather broilers,providing an important theoretical basis for a more comprehensive understanding of the application of compound probiotics as a substitute for antibiotics in white feather broilers breeding.

关 键 词：产气荚膜梭菌 白羽肉鸡 复合益生菌 饲料添加剂 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]