急倾斜特厚煤层冲击地压防治探索与总结  

Exploration and summary of prevention and control of rock burst in steeply inclined and ultra-thick coal seam

作　　者：窦林名[1] 王永忠 卢方舟 贺虎[3] 何江[1] 张强 DOU Linming;WANG Yongzhong;LU Fangzhou;HE Hu;HE Jiang;ZHANG Qiang(School of Mines,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;Yaojie Coal and Electronic Co.,Ltd.,Lanzhou 730084,China;School of Resources and Geosciences,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学矿业工程学院,江苏徐州221116 [2]窑街煤电集团有限公司,兰州甘肃730084 [3]中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《煤炭科学技术》2024年第1期84-94,共11页Coal Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52227901,51934007)。

摘　　要：急倾斜特厚煤层开采顶板破断运动复杂,应力和能量演化规律特殊,在深部“三高一扰动”影响下,冲击地压防治不容乐观。基于某矿2016年冲击地压事故后急倾斜特厚煤层水平分段开采冲击地压防治经验,从急倾斜特厚煤层水平分段开采冲击地压发生机理、瓦斯突出与冲击地压综合防治和冲击地压管理详细介绍了该矿7年来急倾斜特厚煤层冲击地压防治经验。冲击地压发生机理方面,建立了顶板岩层倾斜悬臂梁模型,揭示了顶、底板覆岩结构破断失稳演化过程,划分了夹持煤体受力状态分区,提出了急倾斜特厚煤层冲击“夹持理论”。瓦斯突出与冲击地压综合防治方面,基于冲击地压灾害控制解危技术的强度弱化减冲理论,结合原有防突措施体系,提出了既能防冲且对防突有利的解危措施,形成了某矿瓦斯/CO_(2)突出-冲击地压“双防”技术体系,建立了适用于某矿急倾斜特厚煤层水平分段开采的冲击地压防治体系,以钻屑量和瓦斯吸解值验证了瓦斯突出防治的强度保障,同时以加强实施卸压措施工作面的微震事件分布及各能级总频次和能量对比,论证说明了卸压方案防治效果的有效性。冲击地压管理方面,形成了预测评价、监测预警、治理预防、效果检验、安全防护和教育培训“六位一体”综合防治架构,基于《煤矿安全规程》和《防治煤矿冲击地压细则》等各项规定,制定了Q/YJMD-—FC 0104-2022《窑街煤电集团有限公司煤矿冲击地压防治第四部分:冲击地压防治技术规范》。The roof breaking movement of steeply inclined and ultra-thick coal seam mining is complex,and the evolution law of stress and energy is special.Under the influence of deep‘three highs and one disturbance’,the prevention and control of rock burst is not optim-istic.Based on the experience of rock burst prevention and control in horizontal section mining of steeply inclined and ultra-thick coal seam after the rock burst accident in a mine in 2016,the experience of rock burst prevention and control in steeply inclined and ultra-thick coal seam in the past seven years is introduced in detail from the mechanism of rock burst in horizontal section mining of steeply inclined and ultra-thick coal seam,the comprehensive prevention and control of gas outburst and rock burst and the management of rock burst.In terms of the mechanism of rock burst,the inclined cantilever beam model of roof strata is established,the evolution process of fracture in-stability of roof and floor overburden structure is revealed,and the‘clamping theory’of rock burst in steeply inclined and ultra-thick coal seam is put forward.In terms of comprehensive prevention and control of gas outburst and rock burst,based on the theory of strength weakening and rock burst reduction of rock burst disaster control and disaster relief technology,combined with the original outburst pre-vention measures system,this paper puts forward the measures that can prevent and benefit the outburst prevention,forms a mine gas/car-bon dioxide outburst/rock burst‘integrated control’technology system,and establishes a rock burst prevention and control system suitable for the horizontal section mining of steeply inclined thick coal seam in a mine.The intensity of gas outburst prevention and control is veri-fied by the amount of drilling cuttings and the value of gas absorption and desorption.At the same time,the distribution of microseismic events and the total frequency and energy of each energy level are compared in the working face with pressure relief measures.

关 键 词：冲击地压 急倾斜特厚煤层 冲击“夹持理论” 安全防控 水平分段开采 

分 类 号：TD324[矿业工程—矿井建设]