植物生长调节剂与营养素对油茶产量及果实性状的影响  

Effects of Plant Growth Regulators and Nutrients on Yield and Fruit Traits of Camellia oleifera

作　　者：张念念 龙和煦 王丽 朱秀娥 王港 ZHANG Niannian;LONG Hexu;WANG Li;ZHU Xiue;WANG Gang(Guizhou Academy of Forestry,Guiyang,Guizhou 550000;Liping Forestry Bureau,Liping,Guizhou 557300,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省林业科学研究院,贵州贵阳550000 [2]黎平县林业局,贵州黎平557300

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2024年第2期106-112,共7页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省林业局林业优秀青年人才培养专项资金项目“不同植物生长调节剂对普通油茶保花保果效果的影响”(黔林科合J字[2019]04);贵州省林业局林业优秀青年科技人才项目“油茶果皮厚度控制分子机理研究”(黔科合平台人才[2019]5643);贵州省林下经济研究创新能力建设项目(黔科合服企[2020]4010);贵州油茶团队服务企业行动计划项目(黔科合服企[2018]4003)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明不同生长调节剂与营养素对油茶产量及果实性状的影响,为减少油茶落果率及提高油茶产量提供科学支撑。【方法】以8年生油茶品种长林4号为研究对象,以喷施清水为对照,研究喷施6种不同营养素(ABT活力素、双吉尔-GGR6、高美施和保果素)或植物生长调节剂(芸苔素和爱多收)对油茶坐果率、保果率、产量和果实性状的影响。【结果】喷施营养素或植物生长调节剂对油茶的坐果率、保果率、果实性状和产量有一定影响。与清水(对照)相比,喷施高美施油茶坐果率提高15.4%,差异显著(P<0.05);喷施保果素油茶末期保果率提高41.44%,单株产量提高42.6%,单果籽粒重增长23.03%,出籽率提高21.1%,差异均达显著水平(P<0.05)。【结论】在ABT活力素、双吉尔-GGR6、高美施、芸苔素、爱多收和保果素6种营养元素或植物生长调节剂中,生长期叶面喷施保果素能显著提高油茶保果率、产量、出籽率,保果素适宜在油茶生产中推广应用。【Objective】The effects of different growth regulators or nutrients on the yield and fruit traits of Camellia oleifera were explored to provide the scientific support for reducing the fruit drop rate and increasing the yield of C.oleifera.【Method】Taking 8-year old Changlin No.4 as the research object,the effects of spraying six different nutrients or plant growth regulators(ABT Vitality,GGR6,Komix,Baoguosu,Brassinolide and Atonik)on fruit setting rate,fruit retention rate,yield and fruit traits of C.oleifera were studied by spraying fresh water as the control.【Result】Spraying nutrients or plant growth regulators affected the fruit setting rate,fruit retention rate,fruit traits and yield of C.oleifera to a certain extent.Compared to CK,the fruit setting rate of C.oleifera sprayed with Komix increased by 15.4%,with a significant difference(P<0.05);The fruit retention rate,yield per plant,seed weight per fruit and seed rate of C.oleifera sprayed with Baoguosu at the end of the period increased by 41.44%,42.6%,23.03%,and 21.1%,respectively,with significant differences compared with CK(P<0.05).【Conclusion】Among six different nutrients or plant growth regulators of ABT Vitality,GGR6,Komix,Baoguosu,Brassinolide and Atonik,spraying Baoguosu at the growth stage can significantly improve the fruit retention rate,yield and seed rate of C.oleifera,and Baoguosu is suitable for promotion and application in the production of C.oleifera.

关 键 词：油茶 生长调节剂 营养元素 坐果率 保果率 产量 果实性状 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]