心理需要满足感对科技领军人才公共服务动机的影响机制——社会支持的调节作用  

The Influence Mechanism of Psychological Need Satisfaction on the Public Service Motivation of Top Science and Technology Talents:The Moderating Effect of Social Support

作　　者：程龙 姜春 Cheng Long;Jiang Chun(Science and Technology Talent Center of the Ministry of Science and Technology,Beijing 100045,China;School of International Relations and Public Affairs,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]科学技术部科技人才中心,北京100045 [2]复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院,上海200433

出　　处：《科技进步与对策》2024年第5期119-128,共10页Science & Technology Progress and Policy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71871025);国家自然科学基金青年项目(71802023)。

摘　　要：科技领军人才是国家重大科技任务担纲领衔者,是培养战略科学家队伍最重要的后备军,有意识地发现、培养、用好科技领军人才意义重大。以314位国家级科技领军人才的一手调查数据为样本,对科技领军人才的公共服务动机影响机制进行实证研究。结果发现:科技领军人才的心理需要满足感、社会支持对公共服务动机具有显著正向影响;社会支持对心理需要满足感与公共服务动机之间的关系具有显著正向调节作用;入选“国家科技领军人才”后,科技领军人才基本心理需要满足感有不同变化,表现在胜任需要满足感增强,而自主性需要满足感、关系需要满足感可能会下降;不同类型科技领军人才渴望获得的社会支持侧重点不同,表现在科技创新领军人才更需要“组织协调”“安心科研”“亲情获得”等社会支持,而科技创业领军人才更需要“政产学研相结合”“科技成果转化”等社会支持。As the core of China's talent strategy,the top science and technology talents(top S&T talents)have their own job characteristics and professional attributes,and their public service motivation(PSM)has a profound impact on China's development speed,quality of development,and public life and health.It is therefore significant to explore,cultivate and utilize national S&T leading talents.This study focuses on the influencing factors of their PSM and aims to analyze the impact mechanism of the PSM of national S&T leaders and how to stimulate and enhance their PSM.The paper takes 314 top S&T talents'first-hand survey data as samples to conduct an empirical study on the influence mechanism of their PSM based on self-determining theory,public service motivation theory and resource conservation theory.In order to explore the satisfaction changes of the top S&T talents'basic psychological needs,and the role of social support in influencing the public service motivation of national S&T leaders,it develops a scale consisting of 16 items from four dimensions:self sacrifice,public participation attraction,public value commitment and empathy.It adopts the Likert 5-point scoring method and uses SPSS 22.0 for descriptive statistics,reliability analysis,correlation analysis and regression analysis,and AMOS 20.0 for validity tests of related variables.The following findings are concluded.First,both the satisfaction of psychological needs and social support have significant positive effects on PSM.That is,the higher the satisfaction of independent needs,competence needs and relationship needs,the stronger the motivation for public service,and the more social support they feel,the higher their level of public service motivation.Second,social support has a significant positive moderating effect on the relationship between psychological need satisfaction and PSM.That is,when the level of social support is high,the effect of satisfaction of psychological needs on public service motivation is significant,but when the level of social sup

关 键 词：科技领军人才 公共服务动机 社会支持 心理需要 

分 类 号：G316[文化科学]