中国汛期雨带的客观划分及其相关环流特征  

Objective classification of climatological rain belt during floody season in China and their related circulation features

作　　者：张诚 朱志伟[1] 钟珊珊[1] 蒋薇 ZHANG Cheng;ZHU Zhiwei;ZHONG Shanshan;JIANG Wei(Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster,Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Jiangsu Climate Center,Nanjing 210041,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室/气候与环境变化国际合作联合实验室/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,南京210044 [2]江苏省气候中心,南京210041

出　　处：《气象科学》2024年第1期12-24,共13页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(42088101,42175033)。

摘　　要：本文利用1961—2016年中国汛期逐候降水的旋转经验正交函数分解(Rotated Empirical Orthogonal Function,REOF)方法对中国汛期雨带进行客观划分。根据REOF模态空间分布以及主成分的气候态平均确定了中国汛期6个主要雨带的落区和时间,并揭示了各雨带气候态环流特征。江南春雨雨带主要发生在长江以南地区,对应时间为26—27候;南方雨季的雨带落区主要在两广至福建地区,对应时间为33—34候;江南及中下游梅雨主要落区在长江以南和长江中下游流域,对应时间分别为34—35和36—37候;华北东北雨季落区在华北至东北地区,发生时间为41—42候;华西秋雨落区在秦岭及其周围地区,对应发生时间为49—52候。在雨带划分的基础上,进一步揭示了各个雨带典型的对流层中高低气候态环流特征。可为客观定义汛期雨带及各雨带气候预测提供参考。Based on the Rotated Empirical Orthogonal Function(REOF)decomposition of the pentad mean precipitation data during floody season,the rain belts in China were objectively classified.According to the spatial pattern of the REOF and the climatological mean of principle component,the location and timing of six main rain belts in floody season were defined as follows.The Jiangnan spring rain belt situates in the south of the Yangtze River and occurs in 26th and 27th pentad.The South China rain belt mainly situates in Southeast China and occurs in 33th and 34th pentad.The Jiangnan(Yangtze River)Meiyu rain belt situates in the south of the Yangtze River(Yangtze River basin)with its period in 34th and 35th(36th and 37th)pentad.The North and Northeast China rain belt locates in North and Northeast China with its period in 41st and 42nd pentad.West China autumn rain belt situates in Qinling Mountain and its surrounding region with occurring period from 49th to 52nd pentad.Based on the defined rain belts,the related typical climatological circulation features of each rain belt were further revealed.The present study could provide references for the definition of Chinese rain belts and their seasonal prediction.

关 键 词：中国汛期雨带 旋转经验正交函数 客观划分 气候态环流特征 

分 类 号：P426[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]