2020—2021学年上海市新虹社区中小学校因病缺课监测数据分析  

Analysis of Monitoring Data of School Absence Due to Illness in Primary and Secondary Schools in Xinhong Community of Shanghai in 2020-2021 School Year

作　　者：龚雯娟 姚婷 严蓓 孙兰 Gong Wenjuan;Yao Ting;Yan Bei;Sun Lan(Shanghai Minhang District Xinhong Community Health Service Center,Shanghai 201107,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市闵行区新虹社区卫生服务中心,上海201107

出　　处：《中国社区医师》2024年第2期148-150,共3页Chinese Community Doctors

基　　金：上海市闵行区卫健委科研课题(编号:2020MW53)。

摘　　要：目的:分析2020—2021学年上海市新虹社区中小学校因病缺课数据,总结因病缺课原因,以加强健康管理。方法:选取2020—2021学年新虹社区辖区覆盖的2所中小学校学生2 518人作为研究对象,分析学生因病缺课信息直报数据。结果:小学学段因病缺课率高于初中学段,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);不同性别因病缺课率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2020年9—12月及2021年3月因病缺课发生率较高。因病缺课病因前5位依次为发热、呼吸系统疾病、消化系统疾病、五官疾病、伤害。发热缺课于2020年11月—2021年1月及2021年6月发生率较高,呼吸系统疾病于2020年10—12月发生率较高,消化系统疾病于2021年2—5月发生率较高,伤害于2021年4—5月发生率较高。2020—2021学年中小学生因病缺课症状构成比前3位分别为上呼吸道症状、消化道症状、伤害症状。2020—2021学年因伤害缺课学生中,伤害性质构成比前3位分别为骨折、烧伤/烫伤、擦伤/挫伤。结论:因病缺课系统在学生健康管理中发挥了重要的作用,学校应加强对学生、家长的健康教育,提高学生健康管理水平,以预防疾病发生,降低学生因病缺课发生率。Objective:To analyze the data of school absence due to illness in primary and secondary schools in Xinhong Community of Shanghai in 2020-2021 school year and summarize the causes of school absence due to illness in order to strengthen health management.Methods:A total of 2 518 students from 2 primary and secondary schools covered by Xinhong Community in the 2020-2021 school year were selected as the research objects to analyze the direct report data of students' absence from school due to illness.Results:The absence rate due to illness in primary school was higher than that in middle school,the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.001);There was no significant difference in the rate of absence due to illness between different genders(P>0.05).The incidence of school absence due to illness was higher in September to December2020 and March 2021.The top 5 causes of sickness absence were fever,respiratory disease,digestive system disease,facial diseases and injury.The incidence of fever absences from November 2020 to January 2021 and June 2021 is higher,the incidence of respiratory diseases is higher from October to December 2020,the incidence of digestive diseases is higher from February to May 2021,and the incidence of injuries is higher from April to May 2021.In the 2020-2021 school year,the top 3 symptoms of school absence due to illness were upper respiratory tract symptoms,digestive tract symptoms and injury symptoms;In the 2020-2021 school year,the top 3 injuries were fractures,burns/scalds,and abrasions/contusions.Conclusion:The system of absence due to illness plays an important role in the health management of students.Schools should strengthen the health education of students and parents,improve the level of students' health management,so as to prevent the occurrence of diseases and reduce the incidence of students' absence due to illness.

关 键 词：中小学学生 因病缺课 监测 疾病 

分 类 号：R195.1[医药卫生—卫生统计学]