基于MSPA_(P)-MCR_(F)的干旱区层级生态网络构建与优化——以宁夏中卫市为例  

MSPA_(P)-MCR_(F)-based construction and optimization of a hierarchical ecological network for arid regions:A case study of Zhongwei City,Ningxia

作　　者：刘园园 马彩虹 滑雨琪 李聪慧 杨航 LIU Yuanyuan;MA Caihong;HUA Yuqi;LI Conghui;YANG hang(School of Geography and Planning,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学地理科学与规划学院,银川750021

出　　处：《自然资源遥感》2024年第1期67-76,共10页Remote Sensing for Natural Resources

基　　金：宁夏重点研发基金项目“宁夏黄河流域城市-生态高冲突区生态网络结构优化关键技术研究与应用”(编号:2021BEG03019);国家自然科学基金项目“宁夏六盘山贫困区‘三生’空间融合发展的动力机制及模式研究”(编号:41961034);宁夏自然科学重点基金项目“城乡一体化视角下宁夏沿黄经济带生态网络构建与优化研究”(编号:2020AAC02008)共同资助。

摘　　要：基于Landsat8 OLI_TIRS遥感影像、数字高程模型(digital elevation model,DEM)、路网、水系等多源数据,修正能量因子模型和重力模型,改进了形态学空间格局分析(morphological spatial pattern analysis,MSPA)和最小累积阻力模型(minimum cumulative resistance,MCR)生态网络构建方法,以宁夏中卫市为例,探讨了层级生态网络的构建及其优化。结果表明:①干旱区生态源地识别中,需要将林地、草地和水体作为前景数据,并结合生态红线选择生态源地;②中卫市生态网络呈现出“四核三廊多点”的空间结构模式。识别出生态源地17个,占研究区面积的22.33%,其中1级和2级共计4个源地的能量因子显著高于其他源地,形成“四核”,其他源地形成“多点”,生成潜在生态廊道33条,其中一级生态廊道3条,形成“三廊”;③从生态源地质量提升、廊道加固、断裂点修复等方面提出了生态网络优化策略,除1号、7号、9号源地之间的廊道较为稳定外,其他源地间连通性较低,生态网络稳定性较差,需要建立24个生态踏脚石,并发现38个亟待开展修复的生态断裂点;④优化后生态网络的稳定性有所提升,α指数、β指数和γ指数分别提升9.5%,3.8%和4.2%,有利于促进生态物质及信息流动和生物多样性保护。Based on data from multiple sources including Landsat8 OLI_TIRS remote sensing images,digital elevation model(DEM),road networks,and water system,as well as the corrected energy factor model and gravity model,this study improved the method for ecological network construction based on morphological spatial pattern analysis(MSPA)and the minimum cumulative resistance(MCR)model.Using the method,this study constructed and optimized a hierarchical ecological network for Zhongwei City,Ningxia.The results show that:①The identification of ecological source areas in arid regions should be conducted using the data of woodland,grassland,and water bodies as foreground data and woodland and selecting ecological source areas based on ecological redlines;②The ecological network of Zhongwei City presents a spatial structure mode characterized by four cores,three first-level ecological corridors,and multiple minor ecological source areas.Seventeen ecological source areas were identified,accounting for 22.33%of the study area.Among them,four grade-1 and-2 source areas exhibited significantly high energy factors,forming four cores.A total of 33 potential ecological corridors were identified,including three grade-1 ecological corridors;③Strategies for optimizing the ecological network,including improving ecological source areas’quality,enhancing corridors,and restoring ecological breaking points.Except for the stable corridors connecting Nos.1,7,and 9 source areas,other source areas manifest poor connectivity,leading to low ecological network stability.Therefore,it is necessary to establish 24 ecological stepping stones.Furthermore,38 ecological breaking points requiring urgent restoration were discovered;(4)The optimized ecological network demonstrates enhanced stability,withα,β,andγindices elevated at 9.5%,3.8%,and 4.2%,respectively.This network will promote the flow of ecological materials/information and biodiversity conservation.

关 键 词：形态学空间格局分析法(MSPA) 最小累积阻力模型(MCR) 层级生态网络 干旱区 黄河上游 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] X171.1[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]