从“世界之中国”认识“中华民族”概念  

Exploring"China in the World"with the Concept of"Chinese Nation"

作　　者：石硕[1] SHI Shuo(Sichuan University)

机构地区：[1]四川大学历史文化学院,成都610064

出　　处：《中华民族共同体研究》2023年第6期5-20,M0003,共17页Journal of the Chinese Nation Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金专项研究课题“中华民族概念及历史脉络研究”(21VMZ015)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“中华民族”概念是20世纪中国面对世界时产生的,是“世界之中国”及“与西人交涉竞争”的产物。文章从“世界之中国”角度对中华民族概念产生的时代环境、传播机制进行了讨论,指出,近代“中华民族”概念的产生代表着中国人整体“民族意识”的觉醒。一是帝国主义入侵激发了国人尤其是知识精英的救亡意识与爱国情怀,二是在西方文明冲击下开启的中国现代化进程中,中国人在“睁眼看世界”“学习世界”的同时本能地需要一种文化身份与归属感,这些因素均促成了国人对中华民族概念的认同与接纳。因此,对“中华民族”概念的理解离不开“中国”与“世界”两个纬度及其相互作用。在构建人类命运共同体的今天,不能将“中华民族共同体”与“人类命运共同体”对立起来,中华民族融入人类命运共同体是必然趋势,所以,中华民族的前景既取决于融入和贡献世界的程度,亦取决于在构建人类命运共同体的具体实践中发挥的积极作用。The concept of the"Chinese nation"arises in the 20th century when China encounters the world.It is shaped by China's global presence and its interactions of both cooperation and competition with the Westerners.From the perspective of"China in the world,"this article discusses the background of the times that gave birth to the concept of"Chinese nation"and its mechanism of transmission.It argues that the emergence of the concept of"Chinese nation"in modern times demonstrates the awakening of"national consciousness"for the Chinese as a whole.For one thing,the invasion of imperialism spurs the consciousness of national salvation and patriotism among the Chinese people,especially intellectual elites;for another,in the process of modernization of China,which is forced on China by Western civilizations,Chinese people"open their eyes to the world"and"learn from the world,"and they instinctively need a cultural identity and sense of belonging of their own.These two factors both promote the Chinese's self-identity and acceptance of the concept of the"Chinese nation."Therefore,we need to explore the concept of"Chinese nation"from two aspects,""China"and"the world",as well as their interactions.To build a community of a shared future for mankind,we cannot put"a community for the Chinese nation"against"a community of a shared future for mankind,"and we cannot go against the irresistible trend of integrating the Chinese nation with the community of a shared future for mankind.Therefore,the future development of the Chinese nation depends on how deeply it is integrated with and how much it contributes to the world,as well as how much of an active role it plays in the practical practice of building a community of shared future for mankind.

关 键 词：中华民族 世界之中国 与西人交涉竞争 中华民族共同体 人类命运共同体 

分 类 号：D820[政治法律—政治学] G122[政治法律—外交学]