四种PPCPs在氯化消毒工艺中生成N-亚硝胺类消毒副产物的实验研究  

Experimental study on N-nitrosamine disinfection by-products produced by four pharmaceuticals and personal care products during chlorination disinfection

作　　者：王晓云 付爱民 WANG Xiao-yun;FU Ai-min(College of Ecological Environment and Urban Construction,Fujian University of Technology,Fuzhou 350008,China;Fujian Ningde Nuclear Power Co.,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]福建理工大学生态环境与城市建设学院,福州350008 [2]福建宁德核电有限公司

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2024年第2期161-166,共6页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

摘　　要：目的实验观察药物及个人护理用品(PPCPs)进入水环境后,经氯化消毒工艺氧化后,对含氮消毒副产物N-亚硝胺生成势(NAs FP)的影响。方法选定雷尼替丁、尼扎替丁、氯苯那敏及多西拉敏四种常用药物作为前驱物,分别以次氯酸钠、一氯胺、二氯胺为消毒剂,模拟水处理工艺中的加氯程序。分析N-二甲基亚硝胺(NDMA)、N-二乙基亚硝胺(NDEA)、N-甲基乙基亚硝胺(NMEA)、N-二丙基亚硝胺(NDPA)、N-二丁基亚硝胺(NDBA)N-亚硝基吗啉(NMOR)、N-亚硝基哌啶(NPIP)、N-亚硝基吡咯烷(NPYR)8种NAs FP。结果四种药物在氯化消毒工艺中以NDMA为主要生成物质,同时伴有NMEA、NDEA、NMOR及NPIP生成,且经一氯胺消毒后NDMA生成势最高。雷尼替丁无论经次氯酸钠还是氯胺消毒,均呈现出最高的NDMA生成势。雷尼替丁经次氯酸钠氧化后还可以生成NPIP,其本身结构特征使其成为具有较高NAs FP的前驱物。结论四种PPCPs在氯化消毒工艺中均为生成NAs的前驱物,从源头上控制向环境中排放PPCPs或优化消毒处理工艺可有效控制NAs的生成。Objective To investigate the effect of pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs)on the formation potential of the nitrogen-containing disinfection by-products N-nitrosamines(NAs)after entering the water environment and being oxidized by chlorination.Methods Four commonly used pharmaceuticals,i.e.,ranitidine,nizatidine,chlorpheniramine,and doxylamine,were selected as precursors,and sodium hypochlorite,monochloramine,and dichloramine were used as disinfectants to simulate the chlorin-ation procedure in water treatment process.The formation potential of eight NAs was analyzed,namely N-nitrosodimethylamine(ND-MA),N-nitrosodiethylamine(NDEA),N-nitrosomethylethylamine(NMEA),N-nitrosodi-n-propylamine,N-nitrosodi-n-butylamine(NDBA),N-nitrosomorpholine(NMOR),N-nitrosopiperidine(NPIP),and N-nitrosopyrrolidine.Results NDMA was the main sub-stance produced by the four pharmaceuticals during chlorination disinfection,accompanied by the production of NMEA,NDEA,NMOR,and NPIP,and NDMA showed the highest formation potential after monochloramine disinfection.Ranitidine showed the high-est formation potential of NDMA potential regardless of sodium hypochlorite disinfection or chloramine disinfection.Ranitidine could al-so produce NPIP after oxidation with sodium hypochlorite,and it became a precursor with relatively high formation potential of NAs due to its structural characteristics.Conclusion All four PPCPs are precursors for the production of NAs during chlorination disinfection,and controlling the emission of PPCPs into the environment at source or optimizing the disinfection process can effectively control the production of NAs.

关 键 词：药物与个人护理品 氯化消毒工艺 含氮消毒副产物 N-亚硝胺生成势 摩尔生成率 

分 类 号：R123[医药卫生—环境卫生学]