无人机通信场景中非平稳双圆柱信道统计特性分析  

Statistical Characteristic Analysis of Nonstationary Double Cylinder Channels in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Communication Scenes

作　　者：赵满艳 周杰[1] 刘瑞 邵根富[2] ZHAO Manyan;ZHOU Jie;LIU Rui;SHAO Genfu(School of Electronics and Information Engineering,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,Jiangsu,China;School of Automation,Hangzhou Dianzi University,Hangzhou 310018,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学电子与信息工程学院,江苏南京210044 [2]杭州电子科技大学自动化学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《济南大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第2期242-249,共8页Journal of University of Jinan(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61971167)。

摘　　要：为了在城市、山体、森林等高空存在散射体的地区实现无线通信覆盖,帮助实现救援以及灾后公共基础设施的抢救与恢复,针对无人机空间域和时间域非平稳特性,提出一种无人机多输入多输出三维几何双圆柱随机模型;考虑到地面站的复杂情况,利用同心圆柱模拟散射体的分布,将接收到的信号进一步分为视线分量、无人机端的单反弹分量,以及地面站的单反弹射线与双反弹分量之和;引入时变的角度和时变的速度,模拟无人机对地信道的非平稳性,从而使所提出模型适用于各种无人机通信场景;利用所提出模型对比无人机的飞行方向和天线阵列方向等相关参数对信道统计特性的影响,推导并仿真所提出模型的空间互相关函数、时间自相关函数等重要的统计特性。结果表明:无人机的天线方向、飞行方向等参数对信道统计特性和非平稳性有重要影响,所提出模型可用于无人机多输入多输出通信系统的设计;与现有其他模型对比,时间自相关函数仿真值与实际测量值的拟合程度验证了所提出模型的实用性。To achieve wireless communication coverage in areas with scatters at high altitude,such as cities,mountains,forests,and so on,and help to achieve rescue and post-disaster rescue and recovery of public infrastructure,a multi-input and multi-output three-dimensional geometric double cylinder random model of unmanned aerial vehicle was pro-posed based on non-stationary characteristics of unmanned aerial vehicle in space and time domains.Considering the complex situation of the ground station,a concentric cylinder was used to simulate the distribution of the scattering body,and the received signal was further divided into the line of sight component,the single rebound component at the unmanned aircraft end,and the sum of the single rebound ray and the double rebound component at the ground station.The time-varying angle and velocity were introduced to simulate non-stationarity of the unmanned aerial vehicle to ground channel,so that the proposed model was applicable to various unmanned aerial vehicle communication scenes.The proposed model was used to compare effects of unmanned aerial vehicle flight direction and antenna array direction on channel statistical characteristics.Important statistical characteristics of the proposed model,such as spatial cross-corre-lation function and temporal autocorrelation function,were derived and simulated.The results show that the parameters such as antenna direction and flight direction of unmanned aerial vehicle have important impacts on statistical characteris-tics and non-stationary characteristics of channels,and the proposed model has guiding significance for the design of multi-input and multi-output communication system of unmanned aerial vehicle.Compared with other models,the proposed model is proved to be practical by the fitting degree between simulation values and actual measured values of the temporal autocorrelation function.

关 键 词：移动通信 无人机通信 双圆柱随机模型 信道统计特性 

分 类 号：TN929.5[电子电信—通信与信息系统]