基于动机、意志理论模型的标准化运动方案在急性心肌梗死患者家庭心脏康复中的应用  

Application of standardized exercise program based on motivation and volitional model in home-based cardiac rehabilitation of patients with acute myocardial infarction

作　　者：张梅[1] 代莉莉 孙咏梅 黄悦 Zhang Mei;Dai Lili;Sun Yongmei;Huang Yue(Department of Nursing,Huaibei People's Hospital Affiliated to Bengbu Medical College,Huaibei 235000,China;Department of Cardiovascular Medicine,Huaibei People's Hospital Affiliated to Bengbu Medical College,Huaibei 235000,China)

机构地区：[1]蚌埠医学院直属淮北人民医院护理部,淮北235000 [2]蚌埠医学院直属淮北人民医院心血管内科,淮北235000

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2024年第5期321-328,共8页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

基　　金：蚌埠医学院人文重点项目(2021byzd283sk)。

摘　　要：目的探讨基于动机、意志理论模型的标准化运动方案在急性心肌梗死患者家庭心脏康复中的应用效果。方法采用非同期对照试验方法, 便利抽样法选取2021年12月至2023年4月蚌埠医学院直属淮北市人民医院心血管内科收治的60例急性心肌梗死患者为研究对象。按照入院先后顺序进行分组, 2021年12月至2022年6月收治的30例患者为对照组, 2022年7月至2023年4月收治的30例患者为观察组。对照组采用常规的护理方法, 观察组在常规护理的基础上采用基于动机、意志理论模型为框架的标准化运动方案进行干预。3个月后比较2组患者6分钟步行距离、杜克活动状况指数得分、运动自我效能得分、心脏康复运动处方依从性水平的差异。结果对照组男23例, 女7例, 年龄(58.27 ± 10.86)岁;观察组男24例, 女6例, 年龄(57.07 ± 10.91)岁。干预3个月后, 观察组6分钟步行距离、中文版杜克活动状况指数和运动自我效能得分分别为(565.53 ± 66.90)m和(29.80 ± 9.76)、(41.87 ± 11.76)分, 均高于对照组的(488.00 ± 91.94)m和(21.63 ± 7.21)、(29.80 ± 8.48)分, 差异均有统计学意义(t=3.73、3.69、4.56, 均P<0.01)。观察组患者心脏康复运动的依从性好、一般、差所占的比率依次为56.7%(17/30)、36.7%(11/30)、6.7%(2/30), 对照组分别为23.3%(7/30)、46.7%(14/30)、30.0%(9/30), 2组比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.98, P<0.05)。结论基于动机、意志理论模型构建的标准化运动方案应用于急性心肌梗死患者家庭心脏康复, 可以改善患者运动耐力, 提高运动自我效能, 提升家庭心脏康复的效果, 进一步降低心血管危险因素。Objective To analyze the application effect of standardized exercise program based on motivation and volitional model in home-based cardiac rehabilitation of patients with acute myocardial infarction.Methods The method of non-simultaneous control trial was used.Using convenient sampling method,60 patients with acute myocardial infarction treated in the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine of Huaibei People's Hospital Affiliated to Bengbu Medical College from December 2021 to April 2023 were selected as subjects.The patients were divided into two groups according to the order of admission:30 patients admitted from December 2021 to June 2022 as the control group,and 30 patients from July 2022 to April 2023 as the observation group.The control group received routine nursing methods,on the basis of routine nursing,the observation group was intervened with the standardized exercise program based on the theoretical model of motivation and will.The differences of 6-minute walking distance,Duke Activity Status Index Score,Exercise Self-efficacy Score,compliance level of cardiac rehabilitation exercise prescription between the two groups were compared.Results There were 23 males and 7 females in the control group with age of(58.27±10.86)years old,and 24 males and 6 females in the observation group with age of(57.07±10.91)years old.After 3 months of intervention,6-minute walking distance,Duke Activity Status Index Score and Exercise Self-efficacy Score in the observation group were(565.53±66.90)m,(29.80±9.76)and(41.87±11.76)points respectively,significantly higher than those in the control group(488.00±91.94)m,(21.63±7.21)and(29.80±8.48)points,the differences were statistically significant(t=3.73,3.69,4.56,all P<0.01).The rates of good,average,and poor compliance with cardiac rehabilitation exercise in the observation group were 56.7%(17/30),36.7%(11/30),and 6.7%(2/30),respectively,while in the control group were 23.3%(7/30),46.7%(14/30),and 30.0%(9/30),respectively.The difference between the two groups was statis

关 键 词：心肌梗死 家庭医疗保健服务 基于医院的 心脏康复 运动 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]