考虑车辆绕行的低碳校车路径优化模型  

Low-carbon school bus routing optimization model considering vehicle detour

作　　者：赵星[1] 储文豪 任刚[2] 申珂 孙金鑫 Zhao Xing;Chu Wenhao;Ren Gang;Shen Ke;Sun Jinxin(College of Civil and Transportation Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;School of Transportation,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学土木与交通学院,南京210098 [2]东南大学交通学院,南京211189

出　　处：《东南大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第1期192-199,共8页Journal of Southeast University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20211203)。

摘　　要：为了合理规划校车路径以降低碳排放,建立以考虑行驶距离和载重的碳排放最小化为优化目标,及以车辆绕行和容量为约束的低碳校车路径优化模型(GCSBRPTW).针对绕行问题,引入绕行因子并转化为单侧时间窗约束;设计了一种基于Lin-Kernighan heuristic(LKH)算法和莱维飞行算子的改进蚁群算法(LKH-Levy-ACO)对模型进行求解,其中LKH算法和莱维算子分别用于提高算法寻优效率和全局搜索能力.最后利用泰兴市工业园区班车线路规划实例求解,展开绕行因子取值对比、GCSBRPTW与传统校车路径模型对比、LKH-Levy-ACO与传统蚁群算法等4种算法对比实验.结果显示,绕行因子取值越小,最优解越差,GCSBRPTW比传统校车路径模型降低了约0.70%的碳排放,且LKH-Levy-ACO算法比传统蚁群算法降低了6.19%的碳排放,证明了模型的实用性和算法的有效性.To rationally plan school bus routing to reduce carbon emissions,a low-carbon school bus routing optimization model(GCSBRPTW)is established,which takes the driving distance and load into account as the optimization objective,and is constrained by vehicle detour and capacity.To solve the detour problem,the detour factor is introduced and transformed into a unilateral time window constraint.An improved ant colony algorithm(LKH-Levy-ACO)based on Lin-Kernighan heuristic(LKH)algorithm and Levy flight operator is designed to solve the model.The LKH algorithm and Levy operator are used to improve the optimization efficiency and the global search ability of the algorithm respectively.Finally,an example of bus route planning in Taixing Industrial Park is used to solve the problem.The comparison of detour factor values,comparison between GCSBRPTW and traditional school bus routing model,and comparison experiments between LKH-Levy-ACO and traditional ant colony algorithm and other four algorithms are performed.The results show that the smaller the detour factor value,the worse the optimal solution.Compared with the traditional school bus routing model,the GCSBRPTW reduces the carbon emission by about 0.70%,and the LKH-Levy-ACO algorithm reduces the carbon emission by 6.19%compared with the traditional ant colony algorithm,which proves the practicability of the model and the effectiveness of the algorithm.

关 键 词：交通工程 校车路径问题 碳排放 改进蚁群算法 LKH算法 莱维飞行 

分 类 号：U492.4[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]