基于电流变液结构的光栅衍射实验研究  

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF GRATING DIFFRACTION BASED ON ELECTRORHEOLOGICAL FLUID STRUCTURE

作　　者：伍卓柱 薛治平 周昱萱 魏华 WU Zhuozhu;XUE Zhiping;ZHOU Yuxuan;WEI Hua(College of Physics,Chongqing University,Chongqing 401331)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学物理学院,重庆401331

出　　处：《物理与工程》2023年第6期70-73,79,共5页Physics and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然基金面上项目(11974067);重庆市自然基金项目(cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0145);重庆大学卓越教改专项(CQU-EIE-2022007);重庆大学教改项目(2022Y25)。

摘　　要：电流变液作为一种智能材料,在外加电场作用下其物理性质会发生改变,并从液态转变为类固态。电流变液颗粒在均匀电场下形成偶极矩并导致链状结构的产生,在宏观上聚合成不透光的柱状条纹。在特定条件下,不透光的链状结构形成周期性排列,类似光栅的结构。我们设计了相应的实验,研究了基于电流变液结构在匀强电场下的光栅衍射现象。研究结果表明,电流变液浓度作为主要因素,影响条纹结构清晰程度、光栅常数、狭缝宽度、衍射主极强间距并决定了衍射图样是否明显。As one of intelligent material candidates,electrorheological(ER)fluid changes from liquid to solid-like under an applied electric field.The ER fluid particles from a chain structure induced by a dipole under a uniform electric field and polymerize into an opaque columnar fringe at macro level.Under certain conditions,the opaque forms a periodic arrangement,similar to the structure of a grating.We design the corresponding experiment to study the grating diffraction phenomenon based on the ER fluid structure under uniform electric field.The results show that the concentration of ER fluid is the main factor affecting the clarify of fringe structure,grating constant,slit width,the diffraction principal spacing,and determining whether the diffraction pattern is obvious or not.

关 键 词：电流变液 衍射 光栅 链状结构 

分 类 号：O35[理学—流体力学] O436.1[理学—力学] TB381[机械工程—光学工程]