光源尺寸对迈克耳孙干涉条纹可见度的影响  

INFLUENCE OF LIGHT SOURCE SIZE ON THE FRINGE VISIBILITY OF MICHELSON INTERFEROMETER

作　　者：曾孝奇 邵明珍 杨珺 张欢 张贤高 ZENG Xiaoqi;SHAO Mingzhen;YANG Jun;ZHANG Huan;ZHANG Xiangao(Department of Physics,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen,Guangdong 510855)

机构地区：[1]南方科技大学物理系,广东深圳510855

出　　处：《物理与工程》2023年第6期74-79,共6页Physics and Engineering

基　　金：南方科技大学教改项目(XJZLGC202224);广东省本科高校教学改革项目(SJZLGC202207)。

摘　　要：在大学物理中,通过迈克耳孙干涉仪,学生可观察到点光源和扩展光源产生的各种类型干涉图案,并且理解非定域干涉与定域干涉的形成条件及特点,加深对光的波动性的认识。分析光源尺寸对可见度的影响有助于更好地理解非定域和定域干涉。为此,我们将扩展光源等效为无数个不相干的点光源,得到了可见度公式,数值模拟结果展示了可见度随尺寸的变化。据此容易理解光源尺寸的变化怎样导致条纹观测区域的改变。同时,分析结果还表明,要在观察屏上得到干涉条纹,光源的尺寸应小于某个临界值。In college physics,through the Michelson interferometer,students can observe various types of interference patterns produced by point light sources and extended light sources,and understand the formation conditions and characteristics of non-localized interference and localized interference,and deepen their understanding of wave nature of light.Analyzing the influence of light source size on visibility will be helpful to better understand the non-localized and the localized interference.To do this,an extended light source is equivalent to incoherent point light sources in the paper and the visibility formulas are obtained.The numerical simulation results show the change of visibility vs.light source size.It is therefore easy to understand how changes in the size of the light source can lead to changes in the position of observing fringes.The analysis results also show that the size of the light source should be less than a critical value to obtain the fringes on the viewing screen.

关 键 词：光源尺寸 迈克耳孙干涉仪 非定域干涉 条纹可见度 

分 类 号：O436.1[机械工程—光学工程]