配比施肥对交趾黄檀幼苗生长特性的影响  

The Effects of Different Fertilization Treatments on Growth Characteristics of Dalbergia cochinchinensis

作　　者：何亭青 洪舟[2] 徐大平[2] 麦宝莹 罗明道 彭方仁[1] HE Tingqing;HONG Zhou;XU Daping;MAI Baoying;LUO Mingdao;PENG Fangren(College of Forestry and Grassland,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210037,China;Research Institute of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510520,China;Gaoming District Forestry Science Research Institute,Foshan,Guangdong 528515,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学林草学院,江苏南京210037 [2]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广东广州510520 [3]高明区林业科学研究所,广东佛山528515

出　　处：《林业与环境科学》2024年第1期57-68,共12页Forestry and Environmental Science

基　　金：广东省林业科技创新项目(2020KJCX007);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(CAFYBB2020SZ005)。

摘　　要：为了揭示氮磷钾(NPK)配比施肥对交趾黄檀Dalbergia cochinchinensis生长和根系发育的影响,筛选NPK施肥的最佳配方,以交趾黄檀一年生实生苗为试验材料,采用“3414”试验设计开展3因子4水平配方施肥盆栽试验,比较不同处理下交趾黄檀幼苗生长及根系形态的变化。结果表明:不同配比氮、磷和钾肥对苗高和茎、叶、总生物量的影响差异性极显著或显著,但对主根长、根表面积、一级侧根数量的影响无显著性差异;氮肥和磷肥对地径、根直径、叶面积、根生物量的影响差异性极显著或显著;磷对苗高、地径,茎和叶生物量、叶面积、主根长、根表面积、一级侧根数量的影响大于氮和钾;磷和氮对高径比、根直径的影响程度相当且均大于钾;氮对根生物量、总生物量的影响程度大于磷和钾。根据主成分分析和苗木质量指数综合评价结果可知,T6(N_(2)P_(2)K_(2))、T7(N_(2)P_(3)K_(2))、T10(N_(2)P_(2)K_(3))、T11(N_(3)P_(2)K_(2))均是较为适宜交趾黄檀幼苗生长的施肥组合。施肥能够促进交趾黄檀幼苗生长。交趾黄檀幼苗生长的最佳施肥配方为N_(3)P_(2)K_(2),施用量分别为300,80,70 mg·株^(-1),即氮的施用量处于较高水平,磷和钾的施用量处于中等水平时对交趾黄檀幼苗的生长及根系发育效果最好。To reveal the effects of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium(NPK)formula fertilization on the growth and root development of Dalbergia cochinchinensis,the optimal formula for NPK fertilization was selected to provide technical support for the seedling breeding of D.cochinchinensis.Using 1-year-old D.cochinchinensis seedlings as materials,3414 orthogonal experimental design was used to study effects of different fertilization treatments on growth and root morphology characteristics of D.cochinchinensis seedlings.There were highly significant or significant differences in the effects of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizers on seedling height,stem,leaf,and total biomass.However,there was an insignificant difference in their effects on the main root length,root surface area,and number of primary lateral roots.There were highly significant or significant differences in the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on ground diameter,root diameter,leaf area,and root biomass.The influences of phosphorus on seedling height,ground diameter,stem and leaf biomass,leaf area,main root length,root surface area,and number of primary lateral roots were greater than that of nitrogen and potassium.The influences of phosphorus on seedling height,ground diameter,stem and leaf biomass,leaf area,main root length,root surface area,and number of primary lateral roots were greater than those of nitrogen and potassium.The influences of phosphorus and nitrogen on height-to-diameter ratio and root diameter were equivalent,which were greater than those of potassium.The impacts of nitrogen on root biomass and total biomass were greater than those of phosphorus and potassium.According to the result of principal component analysis and comprehensive quality evaluation,the treatment of T6(N_(2)P_(2)K_(2)),T7(N_(2)P_(3)K_(2)),T10(N_(3)P_(3)K_(3)),and T11(N_(3)P_(2)K_(2))were all suitable fertilization combinations for the growth of D.cochinchinensis seedlings.The growth of D.cochinchinensis seedlings could be promote by fertilization w

关 键 词：交趾黄檀 配比施肥 生长特性 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S725[农业科学—林木遗传育种]