夏季青藏高原那曲地区一次对流降水及云微物理的数值模拟  

Numerical Simulation of A Case of Convective Cloud Precipitation in Summer and Its Micro-Physical Characteristics at Naqu over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

作　　者：侯文轩 华维 郭艺媛[1] 范广洲 HOU Wenxuan;HUA Wei;GUO Yiyuan;FAN Guangzhou(School of Atmospheric Sciences/Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province/Engineering Laboratory of Meteorological Disasters Prediction and Early Warning of Sichuan Province,Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610225,China;Shanghai Meteorological Information and Technology Support Center,Shanghai 200030,China;Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre,Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]成都信息工程大学大气科学学院/高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室/四川省气象灾害预测预警工程实验室,成都610225 [2]上海市气象信息与技术支持中心,上海200030 [3]中国科学院大气物理研究所竺可桢—南森国际研究中心,北京100029

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第3期135-146,共12页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42075019);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK010203)。

摘　　要：利用NCEP FNL再分析资料为初始场,通过WRF中尺度数值模式(V4.0版)对2019年夏季青藏高原那曲地区一次对流云降水及云微物理特征进行了数值模拟.结果表明:WRF模式能够较好地再现本次降水的时空特征和云发展过程.固态水凝物分布高度普遍高于液态水凝物,其中冰和雪主要位于中高层,中低层以霰和云水为主,低层多为雨水粒子;降水过程中雪、霰和雨水粒子高值中心出现时段与降水峰值时间较好对应,表明本次降水以冰相过程为主,且雪粒子和霰粒子的贡献最大,其原因为雪粒子通过贝杰龙过程和自身的碰并过程增加,霰粒子则通过与雪粒子碰并和自身凇附作用不断增长,随着上升气流逐渐减弱,大量霰粒子和部分雪粒子落至0℃层左右融化形成降水,加之雨水与云水的碰并作用,进一步促进了降水的形成.此外,暖雨过程对降水的直接贡献较小,但对冰相粒子的形成贡献明显.Based on Weather Research and Forecast system mesoscale model(WRF V4.0 version)and the NCEP FNL reanalysis data,a convective cloud precipitation and cloud micro-physical characteristics in Naqu area of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in summer of 2019 were simulated.The results show that WRF model can reproduce the spatial and temporal characteristics of precipitation and cloud development process.The distribution height of solid hydrometeors was generally higher than that of liquid hydrometeors,among which ice crystals and snow were mainly located in the middle and upper layers,graupel and cloud water were mainly in the middle and lower layers,and rainwater particles were mostly in the lower layers.In the process of precipitation,the high value centers of snow,graupel and rain particles occurred at the same time as the peak time of precipitation,which shows that the precipitation was dominated by ice phase process,and the contribution of snow particles and graupel particles was the largest.The reason is that snow particles increase through the Bergeron process and their own confluence process,while graupel particles increase through the accretion of snow particles and their own accretion.With the gradual weakening of the updraft,a large number of graupel particles and some snow particles fall to the 0℃layer and melt to form precipitation.In addition,the confluence of rain and cloud water further promotes the formation of precipitation.Apart from this,the direct contribution of warm rain process to precipitation is small,but the effect on the formation of ice particles is obvious.

关 键 词：青藏高原 对流云降水 云微物理 数值模拟 

分 类 号：P456.7[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]