我国大气电学研究的最新进展  

Atmospheric Electricity Research in China:A Review

作　　者：郄秀书[1,2] 朱江皖 底绍轩 骆烁名 黄子凡 刘冬霞 张鸿波[1] 袁善锋[1] 刘明远 孙竹玲[1] 徐晨 孙春发 王东方 蒋如斌[1] 杨静[1] QIE Xiushu;ZHU Jiangwan;DI Shaoxuan;LUO Shuoming;HUANG Zifan;LIU Dongxia;ZHANG Hongbo;YUAN Shanfeng;LIU Mingyuan;SUN Zhuling;XU Chen;SUN Chunfa;WANG Dongfang;JIANG Rubin;YANG Jing(Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation(LAGEO),Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029;College of Earth and Planetary Science,University of Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100049)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大气物理研究所中层大气和全球环境探测重点实验室(LAGEO),北京100029 [2]中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院,北京100049

出　　处：《大气科学》2024年第1期51-75,共25页Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目42230609。

摘　　要：大气电学主要研究地球大气和近地空间发生的电学过程及其机理和影响,其核心研究内容是雷电物理和雷暴电学。自1980年代以来,中国大气电学研究不断取得新的进展,特别是近年来,得益于高时间分辨率雷电探测技术的进步,大气电学研究不仅在雷电物理学和雷暴云电荷结构方面取得了重要成果,也在雷电和雷暴对近地空间的影响、强对流天气的雷电特征、以及雷电资料同化和预警预报等方面取得了重要进展。本文从六个方面对近五年来大气电学的主要研究进展进行回顾,包括高精度雷电探测和定位技术、雷电物理过程和机制、雷暴对中上层大气的影响、雷暴云电荷结构的观测和数值模拟、强对流天气的雷电特征与预报、雷电对气候变化的影响与响应等,最后对大气电学未来发展进行展望。Research on atmospheric electricity mainly involves studying electrical processes occurring in the Earth’s atmosphere and near-Earth space and their mechanisms and effects.The core research contents are lightning physics and thunderstorm electricity.Since the 1980s,atmospheric electricity research in China has continuously made progress.Owing to the advances in high-time-resolution lightning detection technology,atmospheric electricity research has achieved important results in terms of lightning physics,thunderstorm cloud charge structure,the effect of lightning and thunderstorms on near-Earth space,and the characteristics of lightning in severe convective weather.Furthermore,lightning data assimilation and early warning and forecasting of lightning have made important progress.This paper summarizes the important progress of the research on atmospheric electricity in China over the past five years in terms of the technology of high-precision lightning detection,physical process and mechanism of lightning,effect of thunderstorms on the middle and upper atmosphere,observation and numerical simulation of thundercloud charge structure,characteristics and forecasting of lightning in severe convective weather,and effect and response of lightning on climate change.Based on this review,key priorities for future atmospheric electricity research are highlighted.

关 键 词：大气电学 雷暴 雷电 强对流天气 资料同化和预警预报 

分 类 号：P401[天文地球—大气物理学与大气环境]