大西洋多年代际振荡对东亚气候影响的综述  

Impacts of Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation on the East Asian Climate:A Review

作　　者：姜大膀[1] 司东 缪家鹏 JIANG Dabang;SI Dong;MIAO Jiapeng(Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大气物理研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《大气科学》2024年第1期261-272,共12页Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目42221004。

摘　　要：本文综述了近年来有关大西洋多年代际振荡(AMO)及其对东亚气候影响的研究进展,主要包括AMO的形成机制与指数定义、AMO对东亚夏季和冬季气候的影响、AMO与其他大洋的协同作用。目前,关于AMO的形成机制仍有不同意见,传统观点认为AMO是气候系统内部过程尤其是大西洋经向翻转流造成的,但近期有工作指出AMO是气溶胶、火山喷发等外强迫驱动产生或是海洋对大气随机强迫的一种响应。AMO可以通过三种途径调制东亚夏季气候,当AMO处于正位相时,东亚夏季风加强、降水增多、气温升高,反之亦然。同时,AMO正位相有利于东亚冬季风偏强,欧亚大陆中纬度及中国北方偏冷;负位相时则大体相反。鉴于AMO的重要作用,加深理解AMO形成机制及其对东亚气候影响有益于提升东亚气候的年代际预测水平。Herein,the authors review recent studies on the AMO(Atlantic multidecadal oscillation)and its influence on the climate of East Asian regions.Specifically,the authors focus on drivers,index definitions,and impacts of the AMO on the East Asian summer and winter climates as well as the combined effects of the AMO and other oceans.Until now,the AMO mechanisms have been debated.The AMO is considered caused by the multidecadal Atlantic meridional overturning circulation variability,external forcings(e.g.,aerosols),or stochastic atmospheric forcing.The positive phase of the AMO can strengthen the East Asian summer monsoon and increase the summer precipitation and temperature over East Asia in three ways and vice versa.Additionally,under the positive AMO phase,the East Asian winter monsoon system becomes strong,and the mid-latitude Eurasian Continent and northern China become cold and vice versa.Because of the importance of the AMO,further understanding of its drivers and climatic effects on the East Asian climate helps improve the decadal to interdecadal predictions of the East Asian climate.

关 键 词：大西洋多年代际振荡 年代际气候变化 东亚夏季风 东亚冬季风 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]