社区环境对居民健康的综合影响机制研究  

Research on the Comprehensive Impact Mechanism of Community Environment on Residents'Health

作　　者：曹风晓 林恒毅 张祖坤 余波 杨晋苏 Cao Fengxiao;Lin Hengyi;Zhang Zukun;Yu Bo;Yang Jinsu

机构地区：[1]福建理工大学建筑与城乡规划学院

出　　处：《城市建筑》2024年第4期97-102,共6页Urbanism and Architecture

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金青年项目“高密度环境下的住区街道步行适宜性环境评价与优化研究”(2022J05192);福建省自然科学基金面上项目“‘双碳’目标下的山地城市街区空间紧凑发展研究”(2022J01937);福建工程学院校级科研项目“住区街道健康支持性环境的绩效及空间优化研究”(GY-Z21178);福建工程学院校级科研项目“基于紧凑城市理论的山地城市设计研究”(GY-Z21177)。

摘　　要：保障居民健康是《“十四五”国民健康规划》的重要原则之一,社区环境对居民健康的主动式干预已成为研究热点。为探究社区建成环境、自然环境和社会环境对居民健康的综合影响,构建社区环境、居民健康行为和居民健康三者之间的结构方程模型,文章以福州市10个社区为例,在对社区居民问卷调查的基础上进行结构方程验证。研究表明:(1)公交出行便利度与建成环境的相关性最强,绿化环境美观度对自然环境的影响最大,邻里熟络度对社区环境的影响最大,每日步行出行时间对居民健康行为的影响最大,安全感对居民健康的影响最大;(2)居民健康行为对居民健康具有显著的正向影响;社区环境对居民健康有直接的正向影响,其中社区社会环境对居民健康的影响最大;社区环境还可以通过居民健康行为间接影响居民健康。Guaranteeing residents’health is one of the important principles of the“14th Five-Year”National Health Plan,and the active intervention of community environment on residents’health has become a research focus.In order to explore the comprehensive impact of community built environment,natural environment and social environment on residents’health,a structural equation model among community environment,residents’health behavior and residents’health is constructed.Taking ten communities in Fuzhou city as an example,the structural equation was validated on the basis of questionnaire survey of community residents.The research shows that:①the bus travel convenience has the strongest correlation with the built environment,the aesthetics of greening environment has the greatest impact on the natural environment,the neighborhood familiarity has the greatest impact on the community environment,the daily walking time has the greatest impact on residents’health behavior,and the sense of security has the greatest impact on residents’health.②The residents’health behavior has a significant positive impact on residents’health.The community environment has a direct positive impact on residents’health,among which the community social environment has the greatest impact on residents’health.Community environment can also indirectly affect residents’health through residents’health behaviors.

关 键 词：社区环境 社区居民健康 居民健康行为 综合影响机制 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]