COVID-19 RNA提取期间不同压力下的通风系统对实验室污染的影响  

Impact of ventilation systems at different pressures on laboratory contamination during the extraction of COVID-19 RNA

作　　者：李丹 盛梦秋[3] 刘甜恬 朱丹丹 侯铁英 张玉 LI Dan;SHENG Meng-qiu;LIU Tian-tian;ZHU Dan-dan;HOU Tie-ying;ZHANG Yu(Guangdong Medical University,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524023,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]广东医科大学第一临床医学院,广东湛江524023 [2]南方医科大学附属广东省人民医院(广东省医学科学院)医务处,广东广州510080 [3]南方医科大学附属广东省人民医院(广东省医学科学院)医务处病案科,广东广州510080 [4]广东药科大学公共卫生学院,广东广州510310 [5]广东省临床检验中心,广东广州510080

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2024年第4期618-623,共6页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：国家卫生健康委卫生发展研究中心基金资助项目(2020-53)。

摘　　要：目的探究COVID-19 RNA提取期间不同压力下的通风系统对实验室污染的影响.方法聚合酶链式反应(PCR)实验室通风系统在开启负压及关闭负压条件下,提取新型冠状假病毒核酸,对于空气及实验室表面的污染情况,确定操作风险区域.本实验分为两部分,一部分为真实场景试验,另一部分为气溶胶发生器模拟实验意外喷洒实验.结果真实场景试验:开启负压,Ⅰ室空气采样呼吸道合胞假病毒(RSV),新型冠状假病毒(2019-nCoV)均为阴性,甲型流感和乙型流感假病毒(H1N1亚型)(ABH1)紫外消毒后门口采样出现阳性;Ⅱ室空气采样ABH1结果均为阴性,RSV在冰箱处出现阳性.2019-nCoV操作中均出现阳性,紫外消毒后仅冰箱处出现阳性,消毒后未出现阳性结果.擦拭采样中,Ⅰ室和Ⅱ室利用ABH1、RSV、2019-nCoV溶液在操作中和紫外后均存在有较多污染,消毒后结果均由阳性转阴或Ct值变大;关闭负压,Ⅰ室空气采样RSV反应液操作中,窗户采样出现阳性;擦拭采样在冰箱和门把手、传递柜把手、桌子处均出现阳性.Ⅱ室ABH1反应液空气采样操作中均为阳性,紫外消毒后冰箱空气采样仍为阳性;Ⅱ室擦拭采样操作中除桌子1外均出现阳性,消毒后门把手、冰箱把手、生物安全柜表面仍为阳性.气溶胶模拟意外喷溅试验,实验室Ⅱ开启负压和关闭负压,均未出现阳性结果.结论非负压条件下呈现的点较负压条件下多,说明负压可能对生物安全柜实验的防控起到一定作用;在实验过程中以实验员手套为传播源的污染较多;规范操作使用生物安全柜,自带的防污染系统和紫外消杀系统可防止污染;实验室做好消毒工作的同时也要做好清洁防止实验室污染.OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of ventilation systems at different pressures on laboratory con-taimination during the extraction of COVID-19 RNA.METHODS The novel coronavirus nucleic acids were extrac-ted in a polymerase chain reaction(PCR)laboratory with the ventilation system turned on and off under negative pressure,and the contamination of air and laboratory surfaces was examined to identify areas of operational risk.This experiment was divided into two parts,one part was a real scenario test,and the other part was an aerosol generator simulation experiment accidental spraying experiment.RESULTS Real scenario test:negative pressure was turned on,air sampling in room Ⅰ for respiratory syncytial pseudovirus(RSV),and novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV)were negative,and influenza A and influenza B pseudoviruses(H1N1 subtype)(ABH1)appeared positive in the doorway sam-pling after UV irradiation;air sampling in room Ⅱ for ABH1 results were negative,and RSV appeared positive at the re-frigerator.2019-nCoV were positive during the operation,positive results were detected only at the refrigerator after UV irradiation,and no positive results were found after disinfection.In the wipe sampling,there were more contaminations in both room Ⅰ and Ⅱ using ABH1,RSV,2019-nCoV solution during the operation and after UV irradiation,and the results all changed from positive to negative or the Ct value became larger after sterilization;the negative pressure was turned off,the window sampling appeared positive in the air air sampling of RSV reaction solution during the operation in roomⅠ;the wipe sampling appeared positive at the refrigerator and the door knob,the transfer cabinet handles,and the table.Air sampling in the ABH1 reaction solution during the operation in room Ⅱ were positive,and air sampling in the refriger-ator remained positive after UV disinfection.Wipe sampling in room Ⅱ appeared positive in all except table 1,and door handle,refrigerator handle,and surface of the biosafety cabinet remained positive afte

关 键 词：实验室安全 实验室污染 COVID-19 负压 RNA提取期间 聚合酶链式反应实验室通风系统 

分 类 号：R187[医药卫生—流行病学]