基本公共服务可及性如何影响农户获得感——基于湖北省1036个农户样本的实证分析  

How Does the Accessibility to Basic Public Services Affect Rural Households'Sense of Gain?An Empirical Analysis Based on 1036 Rural Households from Hubei Province

作　　者：李东平 田北海[1] LI Dongping;TIAN Beihai

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学农村社会建设与管理研究中心

出　　处：《中国农村观察》2024年第1期22-44,共23页China Rural Survey

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“面向过渡期后的农村低收入人口常态化帮扶机制研究”(编号:23BSH009)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：本文以基本公共服务均等化建设的主观福祉效应为分析视角,依据2021年湖北省7个地级市1036份农户问卷调查数据,系统考察了基本公共服务可及性对农户获得感的影响及其作用机制。基准回归结果表明,基本公共服务可及性能够显著提升农户的获得感。在利用条件混合过程估计法缓解模型内生性问题以及进行稳健性检验后,上述结论依然成立。本文还探讨了不同类型的基本公共服务可及性对农户获得感的影响。研究结果表明:公共教育服务可及性、医疗卫生服务可及性和劳动就业服务可及性的获得感提升效应较为突出,公共文体服务可及性则没有显著提升农户的获得感。在作用机制方面,基本公共服务可及性可以通过增进农户的生活福祉和公平认知提升其获得感。异质性分析表明:与一般农户相比,基本公共服务可及性对脱贫户获得感的提升作用更大;与低财政投入水平的村相比,基本公共服务可及性对农户获得感的提升效应在高财政投入水平村更大。本文的研究有助于审视并理清基本公共服务均等化建设在推动共享发展进程中的政策效应,为以基本公共服务均等化建设为抓手、提升农户民生福祉、实现共享发展提供证据支撑。From the perspective of the subjective welfare effect of the equalized construction of basic public services,this study systematically examines the impact of accessibility to basic public services on rural households'sense of gain and its mechanism based on data from 1036 questionnaires of rural households in seven cities in Hubei Province in 2021.The baseline regression results show that the accessibility to basic public services significantly increases rural households'sense of gain,and the findings remain robust after the Conditional Mixed Process method and a series of robustness tests are used to mitigate the endogeneity problem of the model.The study also explores the impact of different dimensions of accessibility to basic public service on rural households'sense of gain.The results show that the effects of accessibility to public education services,health care services,and public employment services are more prominent,while accessibility to public cultural and sports services does not significantly increase rural households'sense of gain.In terms of the mechanism of action,accessibility to basic public services enhances rural households'sense of gain through improved life well-being and fainess perception.The heterogeneity analysis shows that the accessibility to basic public services has a greater impact on the sense of gain for poverty-alleviated households than the general rural households,and the effect of accessibility to basic public services on the sense of gain is greater in villages with high levels of financial investment than with low levels.This study helps to examine and clarify the policy effects of the equalization of basic public services in the process of promoting shared development,and provides evidence to support the enhancement of rural households'livelihood well-being and the realization of shared development by the equalized construction of basic public services.

关 键 词：获得感 基本公共服务可及性 生活福祉 公平认知 

分 类 号：F323.89[经济管理—产业经济]