聚氯乙烯和磺胺嘧啶复合污染对活性污泥的影响  

Effect of Polyvinyl Chloride and Sulfadiazine Combined Pollution on Activated Sludge

作　　者：胡凯[1,2] 边玛拉珍 王威 魏磊 张佩 陈卫[1,2] HU Kai;BIANMA La‑zhen;WANG Wei;WEI Lei;ZHANG Pei;CHEN Wei(Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lake,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;College of Environment,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Hydrology and Water Resources Bureau of Henan Province,Zhengzhou 450004,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210098 [2]河海大学环境学院,江苏南京210098 [3]河南省水文水资源局,河南郑州450004

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2024年第3期79-88,共10页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：西藏自治区重点研发计划项目(XZ202201ZY0018N);河南省科技攻关项目(162102310057);江苏高校品牌专业建设工程项目(PPZY2015A051);江苏高校优势学科建设工程(PAPD)项目。

摘　　要：微塑料(MPs)会吸附水中有机污染物,进而可能产生复合毒性效应,但目前关于MPs与有机污染物相互作用及对污水生物处理系统的影响尚不明确。为此,以活性污泥为研究对象,考察了模拟污水中磺胺嘧啶(SDZ)和聚氯乙烯(PVC)共存时对活性污泥系统处理效果及胞外聚合物(EPS)的影响,并分析了污泥脱氢酶和微生物群落结构的变化。结果表明,当PVC和SDZ浓度均为15 mg/L时,疏水性较强的SDZ易吸附在PVC表面而形成复合污染物,导致系统对COD和氨氮的去除率分别降低55.4%和54.9%。同时,污泥通过提高EPS分泌物中蛋白质和多糖含量来产生保护机制。另外,PVC和SDZ共存导致污泥中微生物多样性显著降低,拟杆菌纲、γ-变形菌纲、黄杆菌属和吡啶降解菌的相对丰度较对照组分别下降9.53%、4.39%、7.25%和6.21%。由于有机物降解功能菌数量减少及产生裂解酶的能力减弱,使得活性污泥系统对COD和氨氮的去除率下降。The adsorption of organic pollutants on microplastics(MPs)in water may result in composite toxic effects.However,the interaction between MPs and organic pollutants and its effect on biological wastewater treatment system are still unclear.In this study,the effects of co‑existence of sulfadiazine(SDZ)and polyvinyl chloride(PVC)in simulated sewage on the treatment performance and extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)of activated sludge system were investigated,and the changes of sludge dehydrogenase activity and microbial community composition were analyzed.When the concentrations of PVC and SDZ were both 15 mg/L,the hydrophobic SDZ was easy to be adsorbed on the surface of PVC and form composite pollutants,resulting in the removal rates of COD and ammonia nitrogen decreased by 55.4%and 54.9%,respectively.Meanwhile,the sludge secreted more protein and polysaccharide in EPS to protect itself.In addition,the co‑existence of PVC and SDZ resulted in a significant decrease in microbial diversity,and the relative abundance of Bacteroidia,Gammaproteobacteria,Flavobacterium and Pseudofulvimonas decreased by 9.53%,4.39%,7.25%and 6.21%respectively compared with that of the control group.The decrease in the removal rates of COD and ammonia nitrogen was attributed to the decrease of the number of organic pollutant‑degrading bacteria and the weakening of its ability to produce lyase.

关 键 词：微塑料 有机污染物 活性污泥 聚氯乙烯 磺胺嘧啶 胞外聚合物 微生物群落 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]