日本海洋治理及其对我国的启示  

The enlightenment of Japan's marine governance on China

作　　者：金泽伦 周剑[1] JIN Zelun;ZHOU Jian(College of Economics and Management,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学经济管理学院,上海201306

出　　处：《中国渔业经济》2024年第1期23-32,共10页Chinese Fisheries Economics

摘　　要：一个国家在海洋方面的政治、资源、经济博弈等都会影响其发展状况,应当秉持可继续发展的态度对我国海洋进行有效的治理,以确保我国海洋生态系统的健康和可持续利用。论文首先梳理了日本以往相关海洋法规的制定历程,然后对日方海洋治理的政策法规、国际关系、海洋经济制度和防灾措施进行阐述和分析,并从日方发展历程和政策优势中借鉴符合我国国情的海洋治理事业方面的启示:我国需要出台一部能够主导相关法规的海洋基本法,细化特定的法律条文;重视与海洋邻国和非政府组织的关系,实现海洋可持续发展的国际合作;使用经济手段促进海洋循环经济的发展,为海洋渔业的未来做打算;此外,我们还可以从日本海洋灾害准则的规范以及国民对灾害的重视中汲取经验,以构建适应性强、科学高效的国家海洋治理体系;在海洋开发利用时要尊重生态系统的规律。A country's political,resource,and economic conflicts in the field of ocean can affect its development status.Therefore,effective governance of China's oceans should be carried out,and a sustainable development attitude should be upheld to ensure the health and sustainable utilization of China's marine ecosystem.This article first reviews the development process of relevant marine regulations in Japan in the past,and then elaborates and analyzes Japan's policies and regulations on marine governance,international relations,marine economic system,and disaster prevention measures.It also draws inspiration from Japan's development process and policy advantages in terms of marine governance that are in line with China's national conditions.China needs to introduce a basic marine law that can lead relevant regulations and refine specific legal provisions.Emphasize the relationship with neighboring countries and non-governmental organizations in the ocean,and achieve international cooperation for sustainable development of the ocean.Using economic means to promote the development of marine circular economy and plan for the future of the ocean.In addition,we can also draw experience from the norms of Japan's marine disaster guidelines and the importance that citizens attach to disasters,in order to build a highly adaptable and scientifically efficient marine governance system in China.Respect the laws of the ecosystem when developing and utilizing the ocean.

关 键 词：海洋治理 治理政策 国际关系 海洋循环经济 海洋防灾 

分 类 号：F326.403[经济管理—产业经济]