澄清对多普勒效应的几点误解  

Clarification of a few misunderstandings about the Doppler effect

作　　者：李子良[1] 陆丁 LI Zi-liang;LU Ding(School of Science,China University of Mining and Technology,Beijing 100083;The High School Attached to Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)理学院,北京100083 [2]北京交通大学附属中学,北京100081

出　　处：《大学物理》2024年第2期13-15,22,共4页College Physics

基　　金：中国矿业大学(北京)教学改革项目(J220707)资助。

摘　　要：详细讨论了波源和观察者在垂直二者连线方向上运动时是否会产生多普勒效应,波源和观察者之间的相对位置是否会影响多普勒效应,火车经过观察者时汽笛的音调是否是先越来越高后越来越低等三个容易对多普勒效应产生误解的地方,并给予澄清.特别地,推导出了波源和观察者沿任意方向运动时的精确的多普勒效应公式,证明了多普勒效应与波源和观察者之间的相对位置无关.Three misunderstandings about the Doppler effect are discussed and clarified in detail:Whether the movement of the sound source and the observer in the direction perpendicular to the line between them will produce Doppler effect;whether the relative position between the sound source and the observer will affect the Doppler effect;whether the tone of the train whistle goes up and down when it passes the observer.In particular,the exact Doppler effect formula for the sound source and the observer moving in any direction is derived,and it is proved that the Doppler effect is independent of the relative position between the sound source and the observer.

关 键 词：多普勒效应 相对位置 音调变化 

分 类 号：O4-1[理学—物理]