柴达木盆地湖泊快速扩张主要影响因素  

Main Influencing Factors for the Rapid Expansion of Lakes in the Qaidam Basin

作　　者：程雅平 樊启顺[1,2] 陈天源 李庆宽[1,2] 张永兴 CHENG Yaping;FAN Qishun;CHEN Tianyuan;LI Qingkuan;ZHANG Yongxing(Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources,Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining,810008,China;Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Geology and Environment of Salt Lakes Xining,810008,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100049,China;Xining Comprehensive Survey Center of Natural Resources,China Geological Survey,Xining,810008,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院青海盐湖研究所,中国科学院盐湖资源综合高效利用重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [2]青海省盐湖地质与环境重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [3]中国科学院大学,北京101408 [4]中国地质调查局西宁自然资源综合调查中心,青海西宁810008

出　　处：《盐湖研究》2024年第2期38-44,共7页Journal of Salt Lake Research

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察专题(2019QZKK0805);青海省创新平台建设专项(2020-ZJ-T06);中国地质调查局“柴达木盆地盐湖生态综合调查(ZD20220224)项目。

摘　　要：柴达木盆地是中国盐湖集中分布区和资源化工产业基地,湖泊快速扩张明显影响着水资源利用、盐湖资源保护和湖区生态环境。文章收集柴达木盆地气象数据和前人研究的盆地内17个典型盐湖面积变化数据,结合报道的青藏高原温度和降水增幅率及冰川物质平衡观测数据,探究柴达木盆地湖泊快速扩张主要影响因素。结果表明:柴达木盆地温度和降水量数据呈现同步增加,但增幅不同且不同位增长的特征,该特征是导致不同空间位置湖泊扩张的影响因素;降水增幅引起的流域水量增补是盆地中东部湖泊快速扩张的主要原因;温度增幅明显引起的冰雪融水补给增加是盆地西部湖泊缓慢扩张的主要原因。The Qaidam Basin is a concentrated distribution area of salt lakes and resource chemical industry base in China,and the rapid expansion of the lakes has obviously affected the utilization of water resources,protection of salt lake resources and ecological environment of the lake area.In this paper,we collect the meteorological data of the Qaidam Basin and the lake change data of previous studies,as well as the changes the area change data of 17 typical salt lakes in the inflow area of the Qaidam Basin,combined with the reported observation data on the temperature and precipitation increase rate and glacial mass balance of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,to explore the main influencing factors of the rapid expansion of lakes in the Qaidam Basin.The results show that the temperature and precipitation in the Qaidam Basin increased synchronously,but with different increases and different increasing rate,which were different influencing factors for lake expansion in different spatial regions.In detail,terminal lakes in the central-eastern basin,supplied by the hydrological supply of the eastern Kunlun Mountains and the Qilian Mountains,expanded significantly,which mainly affected by increase of water volume in the river catchment caused by the significant increasing precipitation.By contrast,the terminal lakes in the western basin expanded more slowly,which mainly affected by the increase in ice and snow meltwater replenishment along with significant increasing temperature.

关 键 词：柴达木盆地 湖泊 快速扩张 影响因素 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]