关于同时履行抗辩权制度适用扩张的探讨——对“牵连性”内涵的二元论限定  

Discussion on the Expansion of the Application of the Concurrent Performance Defense System——Dualistic Limitations on the Connotation of"Involvement"

作　　者：李秋榆 罗玫 Li Qiuyu;Luo Mei

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院 [2]北京方嘉律师事务所律师

出　　处：《北京政法职业学院学报》2024年第1期47-55,共9页Journal of Beijing College of Politics and Law

摘　　要：同时履行抗辩权制度是双务合同履行中抗辩体系的重要组成部分。由于传统同时履行抗辩权的行使范围过于狭隘,越来越多的学者主张同时履行抗辩权的扩张适用,但无论同时履行抗辩权如何扩张适用,牵连性的存在是其必然的前提。在判断牵连性存在与否的问题上,可借鉴法国学说的二元论做法,将主观因素及客观因素均作为判断的标准,且以“一般经济性”作为平衡主客观因素的重要工具,得出牵连性的判断标准为,“以一般理性人立场,当事人所能合理预见”。扩张的方向主要包括双务对价、双务非对价、非双务对价和非双务非对价四种情形。Simultaneous performance of the defense system is an important part of the defense system in the performance of dual contract.Because the exercise scope of the traditional right of simultaneous performance of defense is too narrow,more and more scholars advocate the extension of the right of simultaneous performance of defense.However,no matter how the simultaneous performance of the right of defense is extended,the existence of implicationality is its necessary premise.On the issue of judging the existence of implicationality,we can learn from the dualism of the French theory,taking both subjective and objective factors as the criteria for judgment,and taking"general economy"as an important tool to balance the subjective and objective factors,and draw the judgment criteria for implicationality as follows:"from the standpoint of a general rational person,the parties can reasonably foresee".The direction of expansion mainly includes four situations:dual consideration,dual non-consideration,non-dual consideration and non-dual non-consideration.

关 键 词：同时履行抗辩权 扩张适用 牵连性 判断标准 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]