半夏测土配方施肥产量效应和氮磷钾吸收特性分析  

Analysis of Yields Effect and N‑P‑K Absorption Characteristics of Pinellia ternata Tested Soil by Formula Fertilization

作　　者：陈晓芳 张翔宇 柳敏 王彩云 周茂嫦 李恒谦 Chen Xiaofang;Zhang Xiangyu;Liu Min;Wang Chaiyun;Zhou Maochang;Li Hengqian(Bijie Medical College,Bijie 551700,China;Bijie Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Bijie 551700,China)

机构地区：[1]毕节医学高等专科学校,贵州毕节551700 [2]毕节市中药研究所,贵州毕节551700

出　　处：《中国野生植物资源》2024年第2期1-7,19,共8页Chinese Wild Plant Resources

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAI05B03);贵州省人才基地项目(RCJD2020-21);贵州省高层次创新型人才项目(毕科人才合字[2021]05号);毕节市揭榜挂帅项目(毕科合重大专项字[2021]3号);毕节市科技局联合基金项目(毕科联合字yz[2021]5号);毕节市科技创新平台及人才团队(毕科合[2023]66号)。

摘　　要：目的:探索肥效对贵州半夏产量及养分吸收特性的影响。方法:采用“3414”测土配方施肥考察半夏产量及不同时期块茎对氮磷钾吸收特性,SPSS 22.0进行肥效方程拟合及不同时期块茎氮磷钾吸收的显著性分析。结果:氮、磷、钾肥施用量的变化对半夏产量具有显著相关性,通过对氮、磷、钾肥施用量与半夏产量的关系拟合得到单因素肥效方程、三因素肥效模型以及不同时期块茎吸收氮磷钾与产量的相关性模型,该区域半夏最佳施肥策略为氮肥74.19 kg/hm^(2)、磷肥87.28 kg/hm^(2)、钾肥25.48 kg/hm^(2);不同时期块茎对氮的吸收受磷肥施用的影响,当磷肥施用处于较高水平时,块茎对氮的吸收也处于较高水平;块茎对磷的吸收受钾肥施用的影响,当钾肥施用处于较低水平时,对磷的吸收处于较高水平;块茎对钾的吸收则受氮、磷施用的共同影响,高钾的施用有利于块茎对钾的吸收。结论:半夏不同生长期应采取不同的施肥策略以达到更高的产量,本研究对贵州半夏高产栽培有一定指导意义。Objective:Exploring the effects of fertilizer efficiency on the yield and nutrient absorption characteristics of Pinellia ternata in karst mountainous areas of Guizhou.Methods:The"3414"soil testing formula was used to investigate the yield of P.ternata and the absorption characteristics of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium by tubers at different stages.SPSS 22.0 was used to fit the fertilizer efficiency equation and analyze the significance of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium absorption by tubers at different stages.Results:The changes in nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizer application rates had a significant correlation with the yields of P.ternata.By fitting the relationship between nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizer application rates and P.ternata yields,a single factor fertilizer efficiency equation,a three factor fertilizer efficiency model,and a correlation model between tuber absorption of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium and yields at different stages were obtained.The optimal fertilization strategy for P.ternata in this region was 74.19 kg/hm^(2) of nitrogen fertilizer,87.28 kg/hm^(2) of phosphorus fertilizer,and 25.48 kg/hm^(2) of potassium fertilizer.The absorption of nitrogen by tubers at different stages was influenced by the application of phosphorus fertilizer.When phosphorus fertilizer was applied at a high level,the absorption of nitrogen by tubers was also at a high level.The absorption of phosphorus by tubers was influenced by the application of potassium fertilizer.When potassium fertilizer was applied at a lower level,the absorption of phosphorus was at a higher level.The absorption of potassium by tubers was influenced by the combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus,and the application of high potassium was beneficial for the absorption of potassium by tubers.Conclusion:Different fertilization strategies should be adopted for different growth stages of P.ternata to achieve higher yields.This study had certain guiding significance for high-yield cultivation of P.te

关 键 词：配方施肥 半夏 氮磷钾 产量 

分 类 号：R282.71[医药卫生—中药学]