2005—2021年北京市职业病新发病例分布特征分析  

Characteristic analysis of diagnosed cases of occupational disease in Beijing,2005—2021

作　　者：白璐[1] 李海月[1] 房云[1] 杨红艳[1] 叶研[1] BAI Lu;LI Haiyue;FANG Yun;YANG Hongyan;YE Yan(Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心,100013

出　　处：《首都公共卫生》2023年第6期335-340,共6页Capital Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的对2005—2021年北京市职业病新发病例分布特征进行分析,提出防治对策。方法职业病分类、行业分类、企业规模依照国家相关规定或标准划分。采用描述性分析方法对病例资料进行分析。结果2005—2021年北京市共报告职业病九类63种21205例,主要是职业性尘肺病及其他呼吸系统疾病,占总病例96.61%(20486/21205),诊断年龄在41~<61岁,占54.67%(11200/20486),工龄在6~<16年占39.41%(8074/20486)。除尘肺病外病例数居前三位的是职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病(281例)、职业性化学中毒(151例)和职业性肿瘤(90例)。新发病例数居前五位地区分别是门头沟区9454例,房山区9066例,朝阳区444例,通州区413例,海淀区283例,其中门头沟区和房山区占总病例的87.34%(18520/21205)。北京市新发职业病病例73.12%来自大型企业,7.97%来自中型企业,18.31%来自小型企业。结论北京市职业病发病具有地域特色,传统职业病尘肺病持续处于高位,新兴职业病职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病、职业性化学中毒、职业性肿瘤发病人数逐年增多,病例地区分布、企业分布集中趋势明显。应进一步采取措施,加强治理传统职业病,密切关注新兴职业病,提高重点地区、重点企业职业病防治水平,促进劳动者健康。Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics of new occupational disease cases in Beijing from 2005 to 2021 and propose the occupational disease prevention and control strategies.Methods Occupational disease classification,industry classification and enterprise scale were classified according to relevant national regulations or standards.Descriptive analysis method was used to analyze occupational disease case data.Results From 2005 to 2021,a total of 21205 diagnosed cases of occupational diseases with 63 types and 9 categories were reported in Beijing.The overwhelming majority of diagnosed cases in Beijing were occupational pneumoconiosis and other respiratory disease,accounting for 96.61%(20486/21205)of the total cases,54.67%(11200/20486)were diagnosed between 41-<61 years old,and 39.41%(8074/20486)had 6-<16 years of dust-exposure.Except pneumoconiosis,the top three diseases were occupational ear,nose,throat,and oral diseases,occupational chemical poisoning,and occupational tumors,with the cases of 281,151,and 90,respectively.Among the 16 districts of Beijing,the top five with the highest number of cases were Mentougou district(9454),Fangshan district(9066),Chaoyang district(444),Tongzhou district(413)and Haidian district(283).Among them Mentougou district and Fangshan district accounting for 87.34%(18520/21205)of the total number of cases in Beijing.The proportion and number of diagnosed cases from large,medium,and small enterprises were 73.12%,7.97% and 18.31%,respectively.Conclusions The diagnosed cases of occupational disease in Beijing have regional characteristics.Pneumoconiosis,as traditional occupational disease,continues to be at high level.While the cases of emerging occupational diseases such as ear,nose,throat,and oral diseases,occupational chemical poisoning,and occupational tumors increase year by year.The concentration trend of the case distribution in different regions and enterprises is obvious.Further measures should be taken to strengthen the governance of traditional occupational di

关 键 词：职业病 新发病例 职业病报告 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]