宁夏枸杞雄性不育花药中胼胝质动态变化特征  

Characteristics of dynamic changes of the callose in male sterile anthers of Lycium barbarum L.

作　　者：周婷 魏雅茹 孙旭冉 管翠萍 梁文裕[1] 杨淑娟[1] ZHOU Ting;WEI Yaru;SUN Xuran;GUAN Cuiping;LIANG Wenyu;YANG Shujuan(College of Life Science,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in Western China,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学生命科学学院,银川750021 [2]西部特色生物资源保护与利用教育部重点实验室,银川750021

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2024年第1期105-111,共7页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32060077)。

摘　　要：【目的】胼胝质是以β-1,3键结合的葡聚糖,其形成的壁结构只发生在特定组织。当其提前或延迟降解时,会导致花粉败育,明确胼胝质的沉积动态规律对探究雄性不育机理及利用枸杞雄性不育具有重要意义。【方法】研究以宁夏枸杞(Lycium barbarum L.)可育系‘宁杞1号’与不育系‘宁杞5号’为试验材料,采用半薄切片技术,并利用苯胺蓝标记胼胝质的方法和高碘酸-希夫反应(periodic acid-Schiff stain,PAS),在光学显微镜下对比观察不同发育时期的宁夏枸杞可育和不育花药中胼胝质的动态变化特征,分析胼胝质对不育系花药败育的影响。【结果】结果显示,小孢子母细胞时期,可育和不育花药小孢子母细胞外沉积形成厚薄不均的胼胝质壁,荧光反应显示减数分裂形成四分体后,胼胝质壁逐渐增厚,随着花药进一步发育,可育花药中四分体外胼胝质壁逐渐解体、消失,释放出4个小孢子。而不育花药中四分体外的胼胝质壁不断增厚,并没有出现降解迹象,直至开花,药室中小孢子仍以四分体状态存在,已经变形、解体的四分体外仍包裹着胼胝质壁。胼胝质降解异常是导致宁夏枸杞花粉败育的结构原因。【结论】文章进一步对不育系四分体胼胝质壁未发生降解的原因进行了分析,为解析宁夏枸杞雄性不育机理提供理论基础。[Objective]Callose is a beta-1,3-bonded glucan that forms a wall structure,which occurs only in certain tissues.When degrading prematurely or delayed,it may lead to pollen abortion.Examining the dynamics of callose deposition is important for understanding the mechanism of male sterility and its application.[Methods]The fertile line‘Ningqi No.1’and sterile line‘Ningqi No.5’of Lycium barbarum L.were studied using semi-thin section technique,and callose was labeled with aniline blue and periodic acid-Schiff stain(PAS).The dynamic characteristics of callose in fertile and sterile anthers of L.barbarum at different developmental stages were compared under optical microscope,and the influence of callose on anther abortion of sterile line was analyzed.[Results]In the microspore mother stage,the extracellular deposits of fertile and sterile anthers formed an uneven thick callose wall,and the fluorescence reaction showed that the callose wall gradually was thickened after meiosis forming a tetrad.With the further development of anthers,the extracellular callose wall in fertile anthers gradually disintegrated and disappeared,releasing 4 microspores.However,in sterile anthers,the callose wall outside the tetrad was thickened continuously,and there was no sign of degradation.Until flowering,the small spores in the anther chamber still existed in the state of tetrad,and the callose wall was still wrapped around the deformed and disintegrated tetrad.[Conclusion]Abnormal callose degradation was the structural cause of pollen abortion in Ningxia wolfberry.This study further analyzed the reason why the callose wall of the sterile line tetrad did not degrade,and provides a theoretical basis for analyzing the male sterility mechanism of L.barbarum L..

关 键 词：宁夏枸杞 胼胝质 雄性不育 花药发育 半薄切片 

分 类 号：Q943[生物学—植物学] S567.19[农业科学—中草药栽培]