雅鲁藏布江上游高寒草甸地上生物量与多样性沿海拔梯度的变化特征  

Characteristics of the aboveground biomass and diversity along altitudinal gradients in alpine meadows of the upper reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River

作　　者：张敏[1] 王晓丽[1] 马玉寿[1] 王彦龙[1] 秦金萍 董瑞珍 ZHANG Min;WANG Xiaoli;MA Yushou;WANG Yanlong;QIN Jinping;DONG Ruizhen(Qinghai Key Laboratory of Alpine Grassland Adaptive Management,Qinghai Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学青海省畜牧兽医科学院,青海省高寒草地适应性管理重点实验室,西宁810016

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2024年第1期154-163,共10页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：“青海学者”科研项目。

摘　　要：【目的】雅鲁藏布江是青藏高原最重要的河流,研究雅鲁藏布江地上生物量和物种多样性对了解该区域的草地资源和生态保护具有重要意义。【方法】根据海拔梯度对雅鲁藏布江上游高寒草甸植被特征进行调查,探讨不同海拔梯度下地上生物量和物种多样性的分布差异、地上生物量与物种多样性之间的关系,以及相关环境因子对地上生物量和物种多样性的影响。【结果】(1)雅鲁藏布江上游高寒草甸地上生物量与海拔、气温和降水均无显著相关关系(P>0.05);(2)多物种样性指数与海拔呈显著负相关关系(P<0.05),Shannon-Weiner指数(H)、Patrick指数(R)随海拔升高表现为下降趋势,而物种多样性与气温和降水呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05);(3)地上生物量与物种多样性之间表现为显著负相关关系,Shannon-Weiner指数(H)对地上生物量的解释达到70%(P<0.01)。【结论】雅鲁藏布江上游高寒草甸的海拔与地上生物量无显著相关性,而与物种多样性呈显著负相关关系,这为雅鲁藏布江上游流域草地资源合理利用和物种多样性保护提供依据。[Objective]The Yarlung Zangbo River is the most important river in the Tibetan Plateau,and the study of aboveground biomass and species diversity of the Yarlung Zangbo River is of great significance for the understanding of grassland resources and ecological conservation in the region.[Methods]This study investigated the characteristics of vegetations along elevation gradients in the alpine meadows in the upper reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River,the distributional differences of aboveground biomass and species diversity along the gradients,and the relationship between aboveground biomass and species diversity.We also studied the effects of environmental factors on aboveground biomass and species diversity.[Results](1)There was no significant relationship between aboveground biomass and elevation,tempera-ture and precipitation(P>0.05).(2)Species diversity indices showed a significant negative correlation with elevations,and the Shannon-Weiner index(H)and Patrick index(R)showed a declining trend with elevation.Species diversity showed a significant positive correlation with temperature and precipitation(P<0.05).(3)Aboveground biomass and diversity showed a negative correlation,and the explanation of aboveground biomass by the Shannon-Weiner index(H)reached 70%(P<0.01).[Conclusion]There was no significant correlation between aboveground biomass and elevation,and species diversity indices showed a significant negative correlation with elevation.These results provide basis for the rational utiliza-tion of grassland resources and species diversity conservation in the upper reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River basin.

关 键 词：雅鲁藏布江 高寒草甸 地上生物量 物种多样性 海拔 环境因子 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]