汕头市礐石花岗岩地貌特征及其成因  

Granite Landforms and Their Origins in the Queshi Area of Shantou,Guangdong,China

作　　者：邱明昆 王为[1] 温小浩[1] 陈敏[1] 王晨 冯静 Qiu Mingkun;Wang Wei;Wen Xiaohao;Chen Min;Wang Chen;Feng Jing(School of Geography,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510623,China;School of Ecology and Environment,Tibet University,Lhasa 850000,China;School of Architecture and Engineering,Shenzhen Polytechnic,Shenzhen 518055,China)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学地理科学学院,广州510623 [2]西藏大学生态环境学院,拉萨850000 [3]深圳职业技术学院建筑工程学院,广东深圳518055

出　　处：《热带地理》2024年第3期403-414,共12页Tropical Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42171007)。

摘　　要：以广东汕头礐石地区景区内各类花岗岩地貌为研究对象,利用地表调查和洞穴调查,在国内外已有研究的基础上,对礐石地区花岗岩的地貌特征、成因及形成年代进行探讨。结果表明:礐石山由燕山晚期花岗岩构成,于中更新世晚期之前就受风化作用;礐石花岗岩石节理的性质和礐石地区高温多雨的热带季风气候下产生的风化作用,是形成礐石花岗岩地貌的基本因素;礐石地区花岗岩山体主要分为石蛋山、峰林山、馒头山3种类型;洞穴可划分石核洞,崩塌洞穴,裂隙洞和龛4类。Granite,a principal component of continental crust,emerges at the Earth's surface through crustal movements,creating diverse landforms.The Queshi region,comparable to Huangshan in its granite hilly landscape,stands as a representative granite landform in China,yet its origin remains incompletely studied.This investigation utilizes surface landscape and cave analyses to elucidate the characteristics and determining factors of granite landforms in the Queshi region,to comprehend the formation mechanisms of these unique landforms.In the surface investigation,field surveys and aerial photography,employing a DJI Phantom 4 RTK drone,were utilized to measure the morphology and dimensions of exposed rock egg sizes on cliff faces and joint spacing.The survey results facilitated an overall classification of surficial landscapes,encompassing the proportion of rock egg sizes on the mountain and the spacing between the vertical and horizontal joints.To assess mountain development concerning stone eggs,cave orientation and elevation were determined using a rangefinder and GPS measurements,while different contact relationships between stone eggs were investigated.By amalgamating domestic and international granite development theories with field investigation results,this study delves into the geological structure of the surrounding areas,the characteristics of granite landforms,and the factors governing the landform formation of granite geomorphology in the Queshi area.The findings indicate that 1)rocks in the Queshi scenic area have evolved into various rock eggs through subsequent weathering processes,manifesting as grotesque formations resembling humans,genies,or animals,and 2)granite mountain bodies in the Queshi region can be categorized into three types:rock egg mountains,peak forest mountains,and steamed bun mountains.Stone egg mountains exhibit a unique form with round,large stone eggs stacked atop each other,peak forest mountains comprise elongated rock eggs or blocks due to narrowly spaced vertical joints,while steame

关 键 词：花岗岩地貌 控制因素 形成年代 石蛋山 礐石 汕头 

分 类 号：P931[天文地球—自然地理学]