施肥对热带砖红壤胶林土壤水分特征曲线的影响及模型优选  

Soil Water Characteristics Curves and Model Optimization of Tropical Latosol Rubber Planting Area Under Different Fertilization

作　　者：林晓燕 王晶晶 吴炳孙[3] 宁松瑞 王紫璇 邱偲雨 吴耀华 Lin Xiaoyan;Wang Jingjing;Wubing Sun;Ning Songrui;Wang Zixuan;Qiu Caiyu;Wu Yaohua(Department of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;Wuzhishan National Forest Ecosystem Monitoring Research Station,Wuzhishan 572299,China;Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou 571101,China;State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China,Xi′an University of Technology,Xi′an 710043,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带农林学院,海口570228 [2]海南五指山森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,海南五指山572299 [3]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所,海口571101 [4]西安理工大学省部共建西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室,西安710048

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2024年第1期105-116,共12页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金高层次人才项目(320RC486);国家自然科学基金地区项目(42167011);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0201105)。

摘　　要：[目的]探明热带橡胶林施肥措施对土壤持水能力及孔隙特征的影响,并优选描述砖红壤胶林土壤水分特征曲线的模拟模型。[方法]采用沙箱排水法结合压力膜仪法测定砖红壤橡胶林5种施肥处理(有机肥混施化肥(H)、施化肥(C)、种植绿肥(G)、施专用肥(S)及不施肥(CK))的全吸力段土壤水分特征曲线,应用Brooks-Corey(BC)、van Genuchten(VG)、Gardner和Log-Normal Distribution(LND)4种经验模型拟合,分析了不同模型的适用性及拟合精度。[结果]0—5 cm土层,在低吸力段(pF≤3.01)C处理降幅最大(0.44 cm^(3)/cm^(3));在高吸力阶段(3.01<pF≤4.18)的降幅整体偏小,H处理的降幅最大(0.05 cm^(3)/cm^(3))。5—10 cm土层,在低吸力段C处理的下降幅度最大(0.52 cm^(3)/cm^(3)),高吸力段C处理的降幅最大(0.03 cm^(3)/cm^(3))。在0—5 cm土层中,CK处理的土壤有效含水率最大(0.19 cm^(3)/cm^(3))。在5—10 cm土层中,C处理的土壤有效含水率最大(0.11 cm^(3)/cm^(3))。0—5 cm土层,CK处理的土壤空隙占比(5.2%)和大孔隙占比(0.8%)最小,中等孔隙占比(48.7%)最高。5—10 cm土层中,C处理的土壤空隙和大孔隙的占比均最小。BC,VG,Gardner和LND 4种模型均可用来拟合砖红壤胶林不同施肥处理的土壤水分特征曲线(R 2≥0.84),不同模型的拟合精度由大到小依次为:BC,VG,LND和Gardner模型。[结论]0—5 cm土层不同施肥处理中CK处理是最优施肥管理方式,5—10 cm土层所有施肥处理中C处理是最优施肥管理方式。同时,BC模型是拟合研究区内不同施肥处理土壤水分特征曲线是最优模型。[Objective]The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of fertilization measures on soil water-holding capacity and pore characteristics in tropical rubber plantations and to optimize the simulation model for describing soil moisture characteristic curves of latosol rubber plantations.[Methods]of the soil water characteristics curves of five conventional fertilization treatments(organic fertilizer mixed with chemical fertilizer(H),chemical fertilizer(C),planting green manure(G),special fertilizer(S)and no fertilization(CK))in rubber plantations were determined in full suction section by using sandbox drainage method combining with pressure film instrument method.Four empirical models,Brooks-Corey(BC),van Genuchten(VG),Gardner and Log-Normal Distribution(LND)were used for fitting and the applicability,and fitting accuracies of different models were analyzed.[Results]In the low suction section(pF≤3.01),the change of soil water content in the 0—5 cm soil layer was the largest in the C treatment(0.44 cm^(3)/cm^(3)).In the high suction stage(3.01<pF≤4.18),the soil moisture content in the 0—5 cm soil layer decreased slightly,and the decrease in H treatment was the largest(0.05 cm^(3)/cm^(3)).In the low suction section of 5—10 cm soil layer,C treatment had the largest decrease(0.52 cm^(3)/cm^(3)).In the high suction section,the moisture content of the 5—10 cm soil layer has the largest decrease in C treatment(0.03 cm^(3)/cm^(3)).In the 0—5 cm soil layer,the available soil moisture content of the CK treatment was the largest(0.19 cm^(3)/cm^(3)).In the 5—10 cm soil layer,the soil available water content of the C treatment was the largest(0.11 cm^(3)/cm^(3)).In the 0—5 cm soil layer,the proportion of soil voids(5.2%)and macropores(0.8%)in the CK treatment was the smallest,the proportion of medium voids(48.7%)was the highest.In the 5—10 cm soil layer,it could be seen that the proportion of soil voids and macropores in the C treatment was the smallest among all treatments,and the soil pore typ

关 键 词：土壤有效含水率 吸湿水 沙箱排水法 比水容量 土壤孔隙分布 持水能力 

分 类 号：S273[农业科学—农业水土工程]