疏勒河流域径流量和输沙量变化规律  

Study on the Variation Characteristics of Runoff and Sediment in Shule River Basin

作　　者：魏霞[1] 杨正华[2] 张振鹏 路志强 孙超 王强 牟极 马春霞[2] Wei Xia;Yang Zhenghua;Zhang Zhenpeng;Lu Zhiqiang;Sun Chao;Wang Qiang;Mu Ji;Ma Chunxia(College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Center of Soil and Water Conservation,Gansu Provincial Department of Water Resources,Lanzhou 730020,China;Hydrological Station of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州730000 [2]甘肃省水利厅水土保持中心,兰州730020 [3]甘肃省水文站,兰州730000

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2024年第1期144-150,共7页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：甘肃省水利厅2022年度第一批省级水资源费项目“疏勒河干流水循环机理及流域生态健康研究”。

摘　　要：[目的]探索疏勒河流域水沙变化特性,可为国家实施西部生态安全战略提供科学支撑。[方法]基于疏勒河流域昌马堡、潘家庄、党城湾3个水文站的实测径流量和输沙量序列资料,运用滑动平均、Mann-Kendall突变趋势检验和小波分析法等方法,分析了疏勒河流域径流量和输沙量变化规律。[结果]疏勒河流域年径流量和年输沙量均呈递增趋势,且输沙量增大趋势大于径流量,昌马堡、潘家庄、党城湾3个水文站径流量分别在1999年、2016年、1982年发生突变,昌马堡和潘家庄年输沙量突变均发生在1998年,党城湾输沙量没有突变;疏勒河流域3个代表站的径流量和输沙量都呈现出多时间尺度的演化特征,昌马堡径流量主周期为58 a,31 a,14 a,9 a和5 a,输沙量主周期为48 a,23 a,14 a,7 a和5 a,潘家庄径流量主周期为59 a,32 a,14 a,输沙量主周期为37 a,14 a,8 a和5 a,党城湾径流量主周期为42 a和5 a,输沙量主周期为16 a和8 a。[结论]疏勒河流域水沙总体呈递增趋势,且存在明显的周期变化,除党城湾的输沙量没有突变发生以外,其余站点水沙均有突变发生,同一水文站输沙量的突变的发生滞后于径流量的突变。[Objective]The aims of this study are to explore the variation law of the long-term measured runoff and sediment load series,and to provide scientific support for the implementation of the western ecological security strategy by the country.[Methods]The linear trend estimation and moving average,Mann Kendall nonparametric test method,wavelet analysis method,were applied to analyze the measured data of annual runoff and sediment load series at Changmapu,Panjiazhuang,and Dangchengwan stations in the Shule River Basin.[Results](1)Both the annual runoff and sediment discharge of Shule River basin was increasing,however,the increasing trend of runoff was more significant than sediment discharge.The annual runoff of Changmapu,Panjiazhuang,and Dangchengwan stations had an obvious turning point in 1999,2016 and 1982,respectively.The annual sediment discharge of Dangchengwan did not have sudden changes,and the sudden changes in the annual sediment discharge of Changmapu and Panjiazhuang all occurred in 1998.(2)The runoff and sediment discharge of the three representative stations in the Shule River basin all showed the evolution characteristics of multiple time scales.Wavelet analysis indicated periodicities of 58 years,31 years,14 years,9 years and 5 years for annual runoff and periodicities of 48 years,23 years,14 years,7 years and 5 years for annual sediment load in Changmapu.There were periodicities of 59 years,32 years and 14 years for annual runoff and periodicities of 37 years,14 years,8 years and 5 years for annual sediment load in Panjiazhuang station.There were periodicities of 42 years and 5 years for annual runoff and periodicities of 16 years and 8 years for annual sediment load in Dangcheng station.[Conclusion]The overall trend of water and sediment in the Shule River Basin is increasing,and there is a significant periodic change.Except for the sediment transport in Dangchengwan,all other stations have sudden changes in water and sediment transport.Moreover,the sudden change in sediment transport at the same

关 键 词：M-K检验法 小波分析 径流量 输沙量 疏勒河 

分 类 号：P333[天文地球—水文科学]