基于RSEI的黄河中游地区生态环境质量时空演化特征及驱动因素——以延安市为例  

Spatiotemporal Variation of Ecological Environmental Quality and Its Response to Different Driving Factors in the Section of Yellow River Basin in Recent 31 Years-Taking Yan′an City as an Example

作　　者：薛桦[1] 刘萍 Xue Hua;Liu Ping(Shanxi Conservancy Technical Institute,Yuncheng,Shanxi 044000,China)

机构地区：[1]山西水利职业技术学院,山西运城044000

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2024年第1期373-384,共12页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划项目“山西省黄河流域生态保护大数据应用研究”(202202020101007)。

摘　　要：[目的]生态环境质量评价是开展黄河中游地区生态环境保护和生态文明建设的重要基础,探究其生态环境质量动态及不同主导因子对其影响,可为生态环境保护战略与经济发展战略的协调发展提供理论依据。[方法]基于遥感生态指数(remote sensing ecological index,RSEI)并辅以Sen趋势分析、Manna-Kendall突变点检验、变异系数、Hurst法对黄河中游地区延安市1990—2020年的生态环境过去和未来演化特征进行了分析,并利用随机森林和结构方程模型探究了不同阶段RSEI对不同驱动因素的敏感性。[结果](1)延安市近31年生态环境质量整体呈变好趋势。其中,绿度和湿度指标均呈增加趋势,热度指标和干度指标均呈减小趋势,各指标共同促进了延安市的生态环境质量变化。(2)1995年前RSEI为上升趋势,1995—2001年RSEI为下降趋势,2001年后RSEI呈增加趋势。(3)1990—1995年RSEI变化属于较高波动变化,1996—2001年以高波动变化为主,2002—2020年属于较低波动变化。RSEI在未来一段时间内会出现大面积的下降趋势。(4)1990—1995年RSEI受到日最低气温极低值的正影响最大,受到日最高气温的极高值、日最高气温的极低值和干旱的负影响较大;1996—2001年土地利用对RSEI的正影响最大,日最高气温的极低值、干旱和日最低气温的极低值对RSEI为负影响最大;2002—2020年连续5日最大降雨量对RSEI的负影响最大,日最高气温的极低值、日最高气温的极高值和日最低气温的极低值对RSEI为负影响较小,但其均对连续5日最大降雨量产生影响从而间接对RSEI产生较大影响。[结论]近31年来延安市生态环境质量整体呈增加趋势,但气候变化对导致的生态退化现象需要引起政府重视,尽快提出一系列生态修复措施,防止其生态环境进一步恶化。[Objective]Ecological environment quality assessment is an important basis for ecological environment protection and ecological civilization construction in the middle reaches of the Yellow River.Exploring the dynamic of ecological environment quality and the influence of different leading factors on it can provide a theoretical basis for the coordinated development of ecological environment protection strategy and economic development strategy.[Methods]Based on remote sensing ecological index,Sen trend analysis,Manna-Kendall mutation point test,coefficient of variation and Hurst method were used to analyze the past and future evolution characteristics of ecological environment of Yan′an City in the middle reaches of the Yellow River from 1990 to 2020.The sensitivity of RSEI to different driving factors at different stages was investigated by using random forest and structural equation model.[Results](1)In recent 31 years,the ecological environment quality of Yan′an City showed a good trend.Among them,the indexes of greenness and humidity were increasing,and the indexes of heat and dryness were decreasing,which jointly promoted the change of ecological environment quality in Yan′an City.(2)RSEI showed an upward trend before 1995,a downward trend during 1995—2001,and an increasing trend after 2001.(3)The RSEI changes from 1990 to 1995 belonged to high volatility changes,the RSEI changes from 1996 to 2001 were mainly high volatility changes,and the RSEI changes from^(2)002 to 2020 belonged to low volatility changes.RSEI will show a large area of decline in the coming period of time.(4)During 1990—1995,RSEI was positively affected by extremely low daily minimum temperature,and negatively affected by extremely high daily maximum temperature,extremely low daily maximum temperature and drought.The positive effect of land use on RSEI was the greatest during 1996—2001,and the very low daily maximum temperature,drought and the very low daily minimum temperature had the greatest negative effect on RSEI.From^(2)

关 键 词：生态环境质量 人类活动 地形 气候 黄河中游地区 延安市 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] X87[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程] X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]