我国外出劳动力省际回流特征及其个体影响效应研究  

Analysis of Provincial Return Migration and Its Impact on Personal Development in China

作　　者：段成荣[1] 郭倩 DUAN Cheng-rong;GUO Qian(Center for Population and Development Studies,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;School of Sociology and Population,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学人口与发展研究中心,北京100872 [2]中国人民大学社会与人口学院,北京100872

出　　处：《西北人口》2024年第2期13-24,共12页Northwest Population Journal

摘　　要：非户籍地省际回流是回流返迁的重要构成,为了更加深入了解劳动力回流特征及其返迁后生活状况的变化,利用2017年全国流动人口监测调查数据(CMDS),探究我国外出劳动力非户籍地省际回流的特征,并使用倾向值得分匹配法(PSM)从经济收入与消费、家庭团聚、社会保障、社会归属感四个维度对其省际回流的个体影响效应进行评估。主要结果发现:第一,城镇地区是外出劳动力非户籍地省际回流的优先选择,其中县级城市的回流比例相对较低,非省会的地级市回流比例高于省会城市;中西部与东部地区的双向流动模式已初步显现;回流的家庭化特征明显,实现家庭团聚和寻求家庭稳定发展是流动人口的终极目标。第二,与跨省流动相比,省际回流后的劳动力收入水平显著降低,与配偶、子女居住的家庭化流动程度更高,社会医疗保险参与度和社会归属感得到明显的提升。此外,协变量中年龄、受教育年限与省际回流均呈现“倒U型”的关系;已婚、少数民族人口更容易回流;跨省流动时间越长和跨省时子女随迁的劳动力回流可能性越小。总体来看,家庭因素是整个回流决策中重要的影响因素,流动人口政策的制定要更多地考虑流动人口及其家庭成员的发展和福利保障;同时回流地区也要重视回流劳动力对地区发展的重要性,通过创业扶持和产业转型等方式为提升回流劳动力的收入水平和地区的发展创造更多的机会。Based on the data of the China Mobile Monitoring Survey in 2017,the article analyzes the characteristics of inter-provincial return of migrant workers and evaluates the impact of inter-provincial return on individuals'life status by using the Propensity Score Matching method(PSM).The findings reveal that urban areas are favored by inter-pro-vincial return migrants,with a preliminary emergence of a two-way flow pattern between central-western regions and the eastern region.Realizing family reunion and seeking stable family development are the ultimate goals of the floating population Compared with inter provincial mobility,the income level of labor force after provincial returnees is signifi-cantly reduced,but the degree of familial mobility with spouses and children is higher.The participation in social medi-cal insurance and the sense of social belonging have been significantly improved.In addition,there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between age,years of education,and provincial return in the covariates;Married populations,eth-nic minorities,those who move from the central and western regions to the east,and those who have been moving across provinces for a long time are more likely to return;When crossing provinces,accompanying children will greatly reduce the possibility of returning home.Additionally,it is crucial for receiving regions to recognize the significance of returning labor in regional development and foster more opportunities for their employment and regional growth through support for entrepreneurship and industrial transformation.

关 键 词：省际回流 子女随迁 家庭团聚 非原籍地回流 

分 类 号：C924.2[社会学—人口学]