涡轮盘榫槽电火花线切割加工质量研究  

Study on Surface Quality of Turbine Disc Mortise Groove by WEDM

作　　者：李先国 孙伦业[1] 高鑫 储昭福 LI Xianguo;SUN Lunye;GAO Xin;CHU Zhaofu(School of Mechanical Engineering,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学机械工程学院,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《机械工程师》2024年第3期55-58,共4页Mechanical Engineer

基　　金：安徽理工大学2022年研究生创新基金(2022CX2074)。

摘　　要：为了提高涡轮叶盘榫槽电火花加工的材料去除率、几何形状精度,文中采用3种相同直径、不同材质的电极丝,进行电火花线切割GH4169枞树形榫槽的对比实验。采用不同工艺规准下的3道线切割工艺:第一次切割使用较大脉冲能量,加工出外形轮廓;第二次切割消除工件在上次加工中产生的变形,提高工件尺寸精度;第三次切割对工件表面进行精修整,减小工件表面变质层。对加工后榫槽进行材料去除率的计算、几何形状精度和轮廓偏差的测量,分析电火花线切割加工对榫槽加工质量的影响。试验结果表明:在高速线加工下榫槽的材料去除率最高;不同电极丝加工后的榫槽几何形状精度均在要求的0.075 mm之内;线切割加工的榫槽轮廓偏差都在0.030 mm左右,同时采用黄铜丝加工的榫槽轮廓偏差最小。采用电火花线切割工艺加工出的榫槽几何形状精度和加工质量均满足加工要求,显示出该工艺巨大的技术潜力。In order to improve the material removal rate and geometric accuracy of turbine disc mortise groove EDM machining,this paper uses three kinds of electrode wires with the same diameter and different materials to carry out the comparative experiment of GH4169 fir-tree mortise groove EDM machining.Three EDM processes under different process criteria are adopted:the first cutting uses larger pulse energy to process the outline.The second cutting eliminates the deformation of the workpiece produced in the last machining and improves the dimensional accuracy of the workpiece.The third cut trims the workpiece surface to reduce the surface deterioration layer.The material removal rate of the mortise groove is calculated,the geometric shape accuracy and contour deviation are measured,and the influence of wire-cut EDM on the mortise groove machining quality is analyzed.The experimental results show that the material removal rate of the mortise groove is the highest in the high speed machining.The geometric shape accuracy of the mortise groove after machining of different electrode wires is within 0.075 mm.The profile deviation of the mortise groove in EDM processing is around 0.030 mm,and the profile deviation of the mortise groove in brass wire processing is the least.The geometric shape precision and machining quality of the mortise groove processed by EDM technology meet the machining requirements,and this technology shows great technical potential.

关 键 词：电火花线切割 材料去除率 几何形状精度 轮廓偏差 

分 类 号：TG661[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]