民国时期水利法制之转型  

The Transformation of Water Legal System in the Republic of China

作　　者：李巧玲 LI Qiaoling(Party School of Tianjin Municipal Committee of the CPC,Tianjin 300191,China)

机构地区：[1]中共天津市委党校,天津300191

出　　处：《重庆交通大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第1期87-97,共11页Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University:Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：天津哲学社会科学规划课题重点项目“数字经济助推天津‘双碳’目标实现路径研究”(TJYJ22-014)。

摘　　要：民国时期,随着西方水利科学知识和法治理念与制度的传入,中国水利法制开始近代化的摸索与尝试。民国时期水利法制近代化主要体现在三个方面:一是民国政府走出传统窠臼,吸收西方依法治水的科学理念,参酌固有习惯,初步构建以国家法、地方法规、民间习惯法为主体的多元水利法律体系;二是打破延续千年来中央水利行政机构杂乱无章、权责不符的局面,开创从中央到地方的统一水利行政系统;三是创新水权制度,明确水权归属,并建立多元的水权纠纷近代化解决机制。民国时期的水利法制既积极吸收和引进西方近代先进水利法制思想和实践,又保留传统水利社会的一些内容,在“变”与“不变”中迈向近代化转型之路。During the period of the Republic of China,with the introduction of the western knowledge of water conservancy science and the idea and system of rule of law,China's water legal system began to explore the modernization,which was mainly reflected in three aspects:first,the government got out of the traditional pattern,absorbed the western scientific idea of water management according to law,took into account the inherent habits,and initially constructed a pluralistic water legal system with national law,local regulations and folk customary law as the main body;secondly,the government broke the situation that the central water administration which was disorganized and inconsistent with power and responsibility for thousands of years,and created a unified water administration system from central to local;thirdly,the government innovated the water rights system,clarified the ownership of water rights,and established a diversified modern settlement mechanism for water rights disputes.The water legal system in the period of the Republic of China not only actively absorbed and introduced the advanced thought and practice of western modern water legal system,but also retained some contents of the traditional water conservancy society,and stepped into the road of modernization transformation.

关 键 词：水利法 水权 法律移植 习惯法 

分 类 号：D909.2[政治法律—法学理论] K258[政治法律—法学]