理解西方地缘经济与地缘经济学  

Understanding Western geoeconomy and geoeconomics

作　　者：胡志丁 毕诗瑶 HU Zhiding;BI Shiyao(School of Geographic Sciences,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;Institute for Global Innovation and Development,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学地理科学学院,上海200241 [2]华东师范大学全球创新与发展研究院,上海200062

出　　处：《地理科学进展》2024年第2期387-401,共15页Progress in Geography

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(20&ZD138)。

摘　　要：伴随着全球经济一体化,商业和贸易越来越多地与国家安全和外交政策问题联系在一起,各国更加倾向于从国家安全和外交政策出发来考虑经济问题。特别是进入21世纪以后,多极经济力量体系崛起,中美贸易战、科技战不断升级,极大地激发了学者们对于地缘经济研究的兴趣。但当前地缘经济研究仍缺乏清晰的理论和概念界定以及完整的质性分析框架,难以为中国和平崛起提供地缘经济理论支撑。基于此,论文对西方地缘经济学研究现状进行梳理,发现:①西方地缘经济学的理论发展可以划分为理论萌芽和理论初创两个阶段;②形成了地缘战略学派、经济地理学派、批判地理学派三大理论学派;③地缘经济与地缘政治分别基于“资本逻辑”和“领土逻辑”,并相互纠缠;④主要实证研究议题涵盖了地缘经济战略、地缘经济工具的实施及其有效性、地缘经济话语与想象等方面。最后,论文指出地缘经济是一种现实存在,而地缘经济学作为其对应的理论总结,是基于资本逻辑的政治地理学,关注地缘政治空间经济。它与地缘政治学辩证统一,既是一种外交政策实践,也是一种分析框架。基于已有研究和中国面临时代背景的耦合性,论文认为未来可以从地缘经济韧性、不同尺度下地缘经济工具的实施及其有效性问题、小国与第三国地缘经济实践、城市区域主义视角下的地缘经济、地缘经济话语与实践关系研究等5个方面展开研究。研究有助于准确、全面理解地缘经济,把握西方地缘经济学发展动态,更好地引导国内地缘经济学发展,以服务于“一带一路”倡议与中国和平崛起。Amidst economic globalization,commerce and trade have become increasingly interwoven with national security and foreign policy,emphasizing the growing interdependence of commerce,trade,and foreign policy in the 21st century.This trend has intensified in the 21st century,with the rise of multipolar economies and growing trade and technology conflicts,particularly between China and the United States,fueling interest in geoeconomic research.However,geoeconomic studies still lack clear theoretical and conceptual definitions as well as a complete qualitative analytical framework,posing challenges in supporting China's peaceful rise with a theoretical perspective.This study reviewed the current landscape of Western geoeconomic research,uncovering that:1)the theoretical development of Western geoeconomics has evolved through two phases:germination and initiation;2)three predominant schools have emerged:geostrategy,economic geography,and critical geography;3)geoeconomics and geopolitics are deeply intertwined,rooted in"capitalistic logic"and"territorial logic",respectively;4)extant empirical research spans various topics,including geoeconomic strategies,the application and impact of geoeconomic tools,and the discourse and conceptualization of geoeconomics.Finally,this article pointed out that geoeconomics is a tangible reality and represents a form of political geography driven by capitalistic logic,focusing on geopolitical spatial economics.It is dialectically integrated with geopolitics,serving both as a diplomatic policy practice and an analytical framework.Based on the coupling of existing research and China's contemporary context,this article suggests that future research in China should address geoeconomic resilience,the implementation and effectiveness of geoeconomic tools at varying scales,geoeconomic practices in smaller countries and third countries,geoeconomics from the perspective of urban regionalism,and the interplay between geoeconomic discourses and practices,to advance geoeconomic theories in China.This

关 键 词：地缘经济 地缘经济学 地缘政治 领土逻辑 资本逻辑 

分 类 号：F113[经济管理—国际贸易]