2015-2019年中国法定传染病发病趋势分析  

Analysis of the incidence trend of notifiable infectious diseases in China from 2015 to 2019

作　　者：汤家炜 汤其宁 朱时雨 王平 宋艳芳 孙庆宇 TANG Jiawei;TANG Qining;ZHU Shiyu;WANG Ping;SONG Yanfang;SUN Qingyu(School of Basic Medicine,Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin 300203,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学基础医学院,天津300203 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区第三人民医院

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2024年第1期4-7,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区青年科学基金(2022D01B59)。

摘　　要：目的 通过分析我国法定传染病的流行趋势,为完善法定传染病的防控策略提供科学依据。方法 收集我国2015-2019年的法定传染病的监测数据,采用描述性分析方法,进行流行病学分析。结果 2015-2019年我国报告法定传染病36种,累计38 398 804例,年均发病率为559.72/10万,发病率总体呈逐年上升趋势(χ^(2)=1 090 638.25,P<0.01);甲类传染病年发病率无趋势性变化(χ^(2)=0.83,P>0.05),乙类传染病年发病率呈逐年下降趋势(χ^(2)=33.69,P<0.01),丙类传染病年发病率呈逐年上升趋势(χ^(2)=1 401 639.12,P<0.01);乙类传染病病毒性肝炎、艾滋病、梅毒、淋病和猩红热的发病率均呈逐年上升趋势(χ^(2)=1 055.23、3 849.55、11 178.53、1 734.65、2 435.74,均P<0.01),肺结核发病率呈逐年下降趋势(χ^(2)=7 041.21,P<0.01);丙类传染病流行性感冒、其他感染性腹泻病、流行性腮腺炎和急性出血性结膜炎的发病率均呈逐年上升趋势(χ^(2)=4 763 816.32、83 100.36、39 434.89、649.21,均P<0.01),手足口病发病率呈逐年下降趋势(χ^(2)=6 770.69,P<0.01)。结论 应重点做好艾滋病、病毒性肝炎、梅毒、淋病、猩红热等乙类传染病的防控工作,加强流行性感冒、流行性腮腺炎、其他感染性腹泻病、急性出血性结膜炎等丙类传染病的防控工作。Objective To provide scientific basis for improving the prevention and control strategies of notifiable infectious diseases by analyzing its epidemic trend in China.Methods The surveillance data of notifiable infectious diseases in China from 2015 to 2019 were collected,and the descriptive analysis method was used for epidemiological analysis.Results From 2015 to 2019,36 notifiable infectious diseases were reported in China,with a total of 38398804 cases,with an average annual incidence of 559.72 per 100000,and the overall incidence was on the rise year by year(x^(2)=1090638.25,P<0.01).The annual incidence of class A infectious diseases showed no trend change(x^(2)=0.83,P>0.05);the annual incidence of class B infectious diseases showed a decreasing trend year by year(x^(2)=33.69,P<0.01);the annual incidence of class C infectious diseases showed an increasing trend year by year(x^(2)=1401639.12,P<0.01);the incidence of viral hepatitis,acquired immune deficiency syndrome,syphilis,gonorrhea and scarlet fever of class B infectious diseases all showed an increasing trend year by year(x^(2)=1055.33,3849.55,11178.53,1734.65,2435.74,all P<0.01).However,the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis was decreasing year by year(x^(2)=7041.21,P<0.01).The incidences of influenza,other infectious diarrhea diseases,epidemic parotitis and acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis of class C infectious diseases were increasing year by year(x^(2)=4763816.32,83100.36,39434.89,649.21,ll P<0.01),but the incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease showed a decreasing trend year by year(x^(2)=6770.69,P<0.01).Conclusion We should focus on the prevention and control of class B infectious diseases such as AIDS,viral hepatitis,syphilis,gonorrhea and scarlet fever,and strengthen the prevention and control of class C infectious diseases such as influenza,mumps,other infectious diarrheal diseases and acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis.

关 键 词：传染病 发病率 法定 趋势 分析 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]