2018-2021年广元市HIV抗体筛查有反应性样本确证检测结果分析  

Analysis of confirmatory test results of reactive samples in HIV antibody screening in Guangyuan from 2018 to 2021

作　　者：熊丽 朱俊[1] 侯雪芹[1] 郜敏 昝德胜 龙洋 XIONG Li;ZHU Jun;HOU Xueqin;GAO Min;ZAN Desheng;LONG Yang(Guangyuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangyuan,Sichuan 628017,China)

机构地区：[1]广元市疾病预防控制中心,四川广元628017

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2024年第1期34-38,共5页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目(2017JY0302)。

摘　　要：目的 分析人类免疫缺陷病毒(Human immunodeficiency virus, HIV)抗体筛查有反应性样本的确证检测结果,为HIV检测及艾滋病防控工作提供依据。方法 对广元市2018-2021年各HIV初筛实验室检测出的HIV抗体有反应性样本,采用蛋白免疫印迹法进行确证试验,并用WPS 11.1等软件进行统计学分析。结果 2018-2021年广元市筛查的1 057份HIV抗体有反应性样本中,经过确证试验,被判定为HIV-1抗体阳性770份(72.85%),HIV-1抗体不确定120份(11.35%),HIV抗体阴性167份(15.80%),2018年确证阳性率最高为81.90%。男性确证阳性率(84.44%)高于女性(53.42%);确证阳性年龄以>40岁为主,构成比为69.87%;门诊和住院病例为样本主要来源,构成比为64.81%;阳性配偶的确证阳性率最高(94.29%),婚检和孕检的确证阳性率最低(40.74%);不同筛查HIV检测方法确证检测结果差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=15.679,P<0.05),快速检测试验确证阳性率最高(78.35%),化学发光试验确证阳性率最低(68.05%)。结论 为提高广元市HIV抗体有反应性样本确证阳性率,应提高HIV抗体初筛的检测质量和能力。Objective To analyze the confirmatory test results of reactive samples in Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)antibody screening,so as to provide a basis for HIV testing and AIDS prevention and control.Methods HIV antibody-reactive samples detected by each HIV primary screening laboratory in Guangyuan from 2018 to 2021 were subjected to confirmatory tests by western blotting and statistical analysis was carried out by WPS 11.1 and other software.Results Among the 1057 HIV antibody reactive samples screened in Guangyuan from 2018 to 2021,770(72.85%)were determined to be HIV-1 antibody positive,120(11.35%)were HIV-1 antibody indeterminate and 167(15.80%)were HIV antibody negative after confirmatory testing,with a maximum confirmatory positive rate of 81.90%in 2018.The confirmed positive rate was higher in males(84.44%)than in females(53.42%);the age of confirmed positive was predominantly>40 years,the proportion rate was 69.87%;outpatients and inpatients were the main source of samples,the proportion rate was 64.81%;the confirmatory positive rate of positive spouses was the highest(94.29%),and the confirmatory positive rate of premarital and pregnancy examinations was the lowest(40.74%);there were statistically significant differences in the confirmatory test results of different screening HIV detection methods(X2=15.679,P<0.05).The rapid test had the highest confirmatory positive rate(78.35%),and the chemiluminescence test had the lowest confirmatory positive rate(68.05%).Conclusion In order to improve the confirmatory positive rate of HIV antibody reactive samples in Guangyuan,the quality and ability of testing for primary HIV antibody screening should be improved.

关 键 词：艾滋病 HIV抗体 筛查 有反应 免疫印迹法 确证试验 HIV-1抗体阳性 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]