贵州省一起新型冠状病毒感染家庭聚集性疫情的调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of a familial aggregation epidemic of COVID-19 infection in Guizhou Province

作　　者：黄焦 余春[1] 刘昭兵[1] 陶忠发 平凯珂 黄荷[1] 黄远谋 秦政 雷明玉[1] 黄艳[1] HUANG Jiao;YU Chun;LIU Zhaobing;TAO Zhongfa;PING Kaike;HUANG He;HUANG Yuanmou;QIN Zheng;LEI Mingyu;HUANG Yan(Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guiyang,Guizhou 550001,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]贵州省疾病预防控制中心,贵州贵阳550001 [2]遵义市疾病预防控制中心 [3]务川县疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2024年第1期83-87,共5页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：贵州省科技计划(黔科合支撑[2021]一般027号)。

摘　　要：目的 为了追溯2022年3月贵州省遵义市务川县报告的一起新型冠状病毒感染(Corona virus disease 2019,COVID-19,简称“新冠”)家庭聚集性疫情的感染来源和传播方式。方法 本研究通过专项调查,收集此次新冠疫情感染者的基本情况、临床表现和诊疗情况、实验室检查、个人暴露史、密切接触史等流行病学调查资料。结果 2022年3月11日至3月17日,务川县共报告新型冠状病毒感染者12例,波及6个家庭,4例感染者(编号分别为3、4、5和9)为同一家庭(编号2)成员。首例病例(病例1)于3月7日从浙江省杭州市返回务川县,3月9日下午病例1在2号家庭居住的小区周围活动并于16:45摘下口罩吐痰。3月9日,2号家庭的孩子(代号N)于17:28踩到了病例1吐的痰液,后穿着被痰液污染的鞋子回到住处,其并未换鞋即在家里活动;3月9日晚上病例3、4、9与孩子N去鞋店买鞋,购鞋期间病例4和9反复帮N和病例3脱鞋穿鞋。测序结果显示,病例1的病毒基因序列与同时期浙江省流行的毒株完全同源,病例3、4和5的病毒基因序列与病例1的毒株序列高度同源。结论 本次家庭聚集性疫情系因省外返乡的病例1随地吐痰后,2号家庭的成员N踩到痰液并机械携带引起病毒在其家人间传播导致的聚集性疫情事件。Objective To trace the infection source and propagation mode of a familial aggregation epidemic of Corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)reported in March 2022 in Wuchuan County,Zunyi City,Guizhou Province.Methods A special investigation was conducted in this study,and we collected the data of the epidemiological investigation,including basic informa-tion,clinical manifestations and treatment,laboratory examination personal exposure history,close contact history of COVID-19 patients.Results A total of 12 cases of COVID-19 infections were reported in Wuchuan County from March 11 to March 17,2022,and these patients involved a total of 6 families,4 infected cases(numbering 3,4,5 and 9 respectively)were members of the same family(numbering 2).The first case(case 1)returned to Wuchuan County from Hangzhou City,Zhejiang Province,on March 7,and on the afternoon of March 9,he moved around the community where members of family 2 lived and he took off his mask and spat out at the moment of 16:45.On March 9,a child(code N)of family 2 tramped on the sputum spat out by case 1 at 17:28,and he returned to the house wearing shoes contaminated with sputum,and did not change his shoes before moving around the house.Cases 3,4 and 9 and child N went to a shoe store to buy shoes on the evening of March 9,and during the period of buying shoes,cases 4 and 9 repeatedly helped N and case 3 to put on and take off their shoes.Sequencing revealed that of the viral gene sequence of case 1 was completely homologous to a strain that was prevalent in Zhejiang Province at the same time,and the viral gene sequences of cases 3,4 and 5 were highly homologous to the strain of case 1.Conclusion This familial aggregation epidemic is an aggregation epidemic event caused by a spiting incident of case I who returned from outside the province,and the member N of family 2 tramped on the sputum spit by case 1 and mechanically carried the sputum causing the virus to transmit among his family members.

关 键 词：新冠病毒感染 奥密克戎 聚集 现场流行病学调查 痰液 基因序列 疫情 分析 

分 类 号：R373.1[医药卫生—病原生物学]