北海市预防接种门诊服务状况的空间聚集性研究  

Study on the spatial aggregation of the service status of vaccination clinics in Beihai City

作　　者：周玲[1] 刘青华[1] 白海涛[1] 冯辉煌[1] 梁家雯 ZHOU Ling;LIU Qinghua;BAI Haitao;FENG Huihuang;LIANG Jiawen(Beihai Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beihai,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 536000,China)

机构地区：[1]北海市疾病预防控制中心,广西壮族自治区北海536000

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2024年第3期286-291,共6页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：北海市科技计划项目(北科合2020165014)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨北海市2022年预防接种门诊服务状况及空间分布格局,为优化北海市预防接种服务工作提供依据。方法 利用多距离空间聚类分析与空间自相关分析法分析北海市预防接种门诊的全局空间分布特点、服务的热/冷点地区和空间聚集性,利用缓冲区分析方法分析预防接种门诊服务范围。结果 北海市36个预防接种门诊主要以周为单位提供接种服务,19个门诊周末开放接种;每万服务人口的冷链容积数、接种门诊数和接种工作人员数分别为426.12L、0.19个和1.79人;0~7岁儿童基础免疫七苗全程合格接种率为93.72%;北海市预防接种门诊空间分布和儿童基础免疫七苗全程接种率空间分布存在聚集性(差值=83 278.32,P<0.05);缓冲区分析显示有16.67%的乡镇未能实现全范围覆盖所辖区域。结论 北海市预防接种门诊服务空间分布设置基本合理,今后要进一步加大对接种门诊的经费投入,加快接种门诊数字化建设,对偏远或交通不便的村(屯)要采取多种接种服务方式。Objective To explore the service status and spatial distribution pattern of vaccination clinics in Beihai City in 2022,and to provide a basis for optimizing vaccination services in Beihai City.Methods Multi-distance spatial cluster analysis and spatial autocorrelation analysis were performed to analyze the global spatial distribution characteristics,hot or cold spot areas,and spatial aggregation of vaccination clinics in Beihai City.Buffer zone analysis was used to analyze the scope of outpatient vaccination services.Results There were 36 vaccination clinics in Beihai City that provide vaccination services mainly on a weekly basis,and 19 clinics were open for vaccination on weekends.The number of cold chain volumes,vaccination clinics,and vaccination staff per 10000 serving population were 426.12L,0.19,and 1.79,respectively.The whole qualified vaccination rate of the seven basic immunization vaccines for children aged 0 to 7 years was 93.72%.There was an aggregation in the spatial distribution of vaccination clinics and the spatial distribution of vaccination rates of the children's basic immunization seven vaccines in Beihai City(difference=83278.32,P<0.05).Buffer zone analysis showed that 16.67%of townships had failed to achieve full coverage of the area under their jurisdiction.Conclusion The spatial distribution of vaccination clinic services in Beihai City is basically set up in a reasonable manner.It is still necessary to further increase the investment in vaccination clinics in the future,and accelerate the digital construction of vaccination clinics,and to adopt a variety of inoculation service methods for remote or inconvenient villages.

关 键 词：预防接种 门诊 地理信息系统 空间聚集 研究 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]