广元市某医院2016-2020年受血者病原体感染调查及防控建议  

Investigation of pathogen infection in blood recipients in a hospital of Guangyuan from 2016 to 2020 and suggestions for its prevention and contro

作　　者：王大方 石平[1] 郑小黎 钟冬胜[1] 梁培[2] WANG Dafang;SHI Ping;ZHENG Xiaoli;ZHONG Dongsheng;LIANG Pei(Guangyuan Central Hospital,Guangyuan,Sichuan 628017,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]广元市中心医院,四川广元628017 [2]海南医学院

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2024年第3期296-299,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81560332)。

摘　　要：目的 了解广元市某医院2016-2020年8 238例受血者病原体感染情况,并进一步探讨后期防控计划。方法 按年份及性别调查受血者输血前的乙型肝炎表面抗原(hepatitis B surface antigen, HBsAg)、苍白密螺旋体抗体(Treponema pallidum antibody, TP-Ab)、人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体(Human immunodeficiency virus antibody, HIV-Ab)、丙型肝炎病毒抗体(Hepatitis C virus antibody, HCV-Ab)检测结果。结果 2016-2020年该院8 238例受血者,检测指标总阳性率13.66%,HBsAg、TP-Ab、HIV-Ab、HCV-Ab的阳性率分别为10.50%、1.24%、0.04%、1.88%。不同性别人群4项传染指标的阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.314、5.054、3.000、0.830,P>0.05)。2016-2020年HBsAg的年阳性率分别为11.93%、11.74%、10.69%、9.36%、8.92%,TP-Ab的年阳性率分别为1.40%、1.12%、1.02%、1.35%、1.30%,HIV-Ab的年阳性率分别为0%、0.06%、0.06%、0%、0.06%,HCV-Ab的年阳性率分别为1.91%、1.82%、2.04%、1.79%、1.86%,不同年份的HBsAg阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=13.236,P=0.010),不同年份的TP-Ab、HIV-Ab、HCV-Ab阳性率差异均无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.410、1.910、0.333,均P=0.842、0.752、0.988)。结论 广元市某医院2016-2020年受血者的病原体感染率较低,在防控HBV感染时,需进一步完善硬件保障,可建立专项传染病院,规范传染科病房,确保传染病的及时治疗。Objective To understand the pathogen infections in 8238 blood recipients in a hospital in Guangyuan from 2016 to 2020,and to further explore plans for prevention and control programs at a later stage.Methods The hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg),Treponema pallidum antibody(TP-Ab),human immunodeficiency virus antibody(HIV-Ab),and hepatitis C virus antibody(HCV-Ab)of the recipients were investigated before transfusion according to year and gender.Results From 2016 to 2020,the total positive rate of testing indicators of the 8238 blood recipients in the hospital was 13.66%,and the positive rates of HBsAg,TP-Ab,HIV-Ab,and HCV-Ab were 10.50%,1.24%,0.04%,and 1.88%,respectively.There was no statistically significant difference in the positivity rates of the four infectious indicators among the different gender groups(X2=0.314,5.054,3.000,0.830,P>0.05).From 2016 to 2020,the annual positivity rates for HBsAg were 11.93%,11.74%,10.69%,9.36%and 8.92%,for TP-Ab were 1.40%,1.12%,1.02%,1.35%and 1.30%,and for HIV-Ab were 0%,0.06%,0.06%,0%,0.06%,and the annual positivity rates of HCV-Ab were 1.91%,1.82%,2.04%,1.79%,1.86%,respectively.There was a statistically significant difference in HBsAg positivity rates among different years(x^(2)=13.236,P=0.010),and there were no statistically significant differences in TP-Ab,HIV-Ab,and HCV-Ab positivity rates among different years(x^(2)=1.410,1.910,0.333;all P=0.842,0.752,0.988).Conclusion The pathogen infection rate of blood recipients in a hospital in Guangyuan from 2016 to 2020 is low,and it is necessary to further improve the hardware guarantee when preventing and controlling HBV infection,and a special infectious disease hospital can be established to standardize the infectious ward to ensure the timely treatment of infectious diseases.

关 键 词：受血者 病原体感染 防控建议 调查 

分 类 号：R457.1[医药卫生—治疗学] R446.6[医药卫生—临床医学]