企业所得税并轨、所有权结构调整与企业生产率——基于群聚分析法的研究  

Corporate Income Tax Unification,Manipulation of Ownership Structure and Firm's TFP——Research Based on Bunching Approach

作　　者：高文静 施新政[2] GAO Wenjing;SHI Xinzheng(Hangzhou Normal University;Tsinghua University)

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学经济学院 [2]清华大学经济管理学院,100084

出　　处：《经济学（季刊）》2024年第1期172-188,共17页China Economic Quarterly

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(21&ZD076);国家自然科学基金青年项目(72103179);浙江省自然科学基金青年项目(LQ22G030016);清华大学自主科研计划(2021THZWJC14)的资助。

摘　　要：企业所得税并轨前,外资占比大于等于25%的企业享受了“超国民待遇”,为企业的策略性行为提供了强激励。本文发现,在政策断点附近的企业中,约5%的企业会使外资占比恰好高于25%。该行为拉低了外资企业的平均全要素生产率。10个百分点的税收激励会使得群聚区间内企业的TFP降低5个百分点。该现象在无国家/集体资本、无新产品、非出口的企业表现得更严重。本文启示,在吸引和利用外资时,淡化与所有制身份相关的激励将有利于高质量发展。Firms with foreign capital shares equal to or larger than 25% were eligible for many preferential policies before 2008,which incentivized them to manipulate ownership structures.We find about 5% of firms conduct the manipulation and their existence lowers the average total factor productivity(TFP) of foreign firms.Quantitively,a 10-percentage decrease in corporate income tax rate would generate a 5-percentage reduction in TFP.The response is more severe in foreign firms without state or collective capital,without new products,and non-exporters.This suggests when attracting and utilizing foreign capital,policies not targeting at the ownership structure may be better in promoting productivity.

关 键 词：企业所得税并轨 外资企业 群聚分析法 

分 类 号：F812.42[经济管理—财政学] F279.2F832.6