2011-2020年合肥市肺结核流行特征及其影响因素研究  

Study on the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of pulmonary tuberculosis in Hefei City from 2011 to 2020

作　　者：钱冰[1] 曹赟 齐静 陈伟[1] 吴金菊[1] 曹红[1] QIAN Bing;CAO Yun;QI Jing;CHEN Wei;WU Jinju;CAO Hong(Hefei Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hefei,Anhui 230091,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]合肥市疾病预防控制中心,安徽合肥230091 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所 [3]南京医科大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2024年第2期135-141,146,共8页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：2020年中央补助重大传染病防控与医疗卫生机构能力建设项目(皖卫财秘[2020]250号)。

摘　　要：目的 为了解合肥市快速城镇化对肺结核流行的影响,分析2011-2020年全市肺结核疫情流行特征,从城镇化角度探究肺结核发病与死亡的区域经济环境影响因素等。方法 采集合肥市2011-2020年肺结核疫情数据,对肺结核的三间分布特征进行描述性分析;结合城镇化水平相关人口和经济指标,对肺结核发病率和死亡率影响因素进行相关分析与回归分析。结果 2011-2020年合肥市活动性肺结核报告发病率呈下降趋势(χ^(2)=472.316,P<0.01),病原学阳性率呈先下降后上升趋势(χ^(2)=61.799,P<0.01);全年3~5月肺结核报告病例最多,肺结核报告发病率县级高于市区。2011-2020年肺结核平均报告发病率均呈下降趋势,男女性别比为2.56∶1,职业分布以农民为主。肺结核报告发病率与人均GDP、性别比和城镇人口比例存在负相关关系;肺结核报告死亡率与城镇人口比例存在负相关关系。结论 城镇化因素对合肥市肺结核流行情况有一定影响,区域城镇人口比例与肺结核的发病率和死亡率有关,应结合城镇化特征优化区域重点人群的结核病防治工作。Objective To understand the impact of rapid urbanization in Hefei City on the epidemiology of pulmonary tuberculosis,analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis epidemics in the city from 2011 to 2020,and explore the regional economic and environmental factors affecting the morbidity and mortality of pulmonary tuberculosis from an urbanization perspective.Methods The data of pulmonary tuberculosis epidemics in Hefei City from 2011 to 2020 were collected to conduct a descriptive analysis of the distribution characteristics of the triple distribution pulmonary tuberculosis.Combined with the demographic and economic indicators related to the urbanization level,correlation analysis and regression analysis were carried out to analyze the influencing factors of the morbidity and mortality of pulmonary tuberculosis Results From 2011 to 2020,the reported morbidities of active pulmonary tuberculosis in Hefei City showed a downward trend(x^(2)=472.316,P<0.01),and the positivity rates with pathogens first decreased and then increased(x^(2)=61.799,P<0.01).Most cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were reported from March to May annually.The reported morbidities of pulmonary tuberculosis in counties were higher than in urban areas.The reported average morbidity of pulmonary tuberculosis for the period of 2011 to 2020 showed a downward trend,with a male to female gender ratio of 2.56:1 and an occupational distribution dominated by farmers.There was an inverse correlation between the reported morbidities of pulmonary tuberculosis and GDP per capita,the gender ratio and the proportion of urban population,and an inverse correlation between the reported mortalities of pulmonary tuberculosis and the proportion of urban population.Conclusion Urbanization factors have a certain impact on the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Hefei City.The proportion of the regional urban population is related to the morbidity and mortality of pulmonary tuberculosis.The prevention and control strategy of tuberculosis in key

关 键 词：肺结核 发病率 流行特征 城镇化 影响因素 

分 类 号：R521[医药卫生—内科学]