青藏高原旅游城镇化测度研究  

Measurement of tourism urbanization on the Tibetan Plateau

作　　者：时姗姗 席建超[1] SHI Shanshan;XI Jianchao(Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《地理研究》2024年第2期377-393,共17页Geographical Research

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK1004)。

摘　　要：旅游业驱动的城镇化是青藏高原城镇化建设特殊路径之一,然而如何对其量化尚不明晰。本文基于网络POI数据构建县域尺度旅游带动城镇就业人口数据集,系统测算和分析了青藏高原旅游城镇化水平和贡献程度,揭示其总体特征、空间格局,并采用地理探测器剖析影响因素。结果表明:①青藏高原26个县级单元的旅游城镇化水平较高,数量占比12.15%,影响力达到46.45%;19个县级单元的旅游业发展对城镇化贡献作用显著,数量占比8.88%,贡献度达到35.43%。②青藏高原县域旅游城镇化率及贡献度总体呈现“东南高、西北低”“大分散、小集聚”的不均衡空间格局,符合“祁吉线”空间分布规律,并且与旅游吸引物、旅游廊道、旅游发展片区的空间重叠度高。③行业内部比较来看,旅游住宿和餐饮业的贡献力处于主导地位。④县域旅游城镇化可分为“主动式”和“被动式”两种发展类型,不同类型具有差异化的空间组织模式。⑤县域旅游城镇化空间分异与自然环境本底、社会经济发展具有高度耦合关系。研究结果可以为青藏高原旅游业推动城镇化高质量发展提供参考。Tourism-driven urbanization is one of the particular paths of urbanization in the Tibetan Plateau,but how to quantify it is not clear.Therefore,this paper started from the perspective of population urbanization,constructed a dataset of county-scale tourism-driven urban employment-population based on POI(point-of-interest),and systematically measured the rate of tourism urbanization and its contribution to the Tibetan Plateau,revealed its overall characteristics,spatial pattern,and analyzed the influence mechanism by using geographic probes.The results showed that:(1)The 26 county-level units of the Tibetan Plateau have a high level of tourism urbanization,accounting for 12.15% in amount and 46.45% in influence;19 county-level units have a significant contribution of tourism development to urbanization,accounting for 8.88% in amount and 35.43% in contribution.(2)The tourism urbanization rate and its contribution rate on the Tibetan Plateau generally showed an uneven spatial pattern of“high in the southeast and low in the northwest”,“large dispersion and small agglomeration”,which was in line with the spatial distribution of the“Qilian-Gyirong Line”,and had a high degree of spatial overlap with tourist attractions,tourism corridors and regional tourism areas.(3)In comparison within the industry,the contribution of tourism accommodation and catering industry took the leading position.(4)County tourism urbanization can be divided into two types of development:“active”and“passive”,which have differentiated spatial organization patterns.(5)The spatial differentiation of tourism urbanization on the Tibetan Plateau had a highly coupled relationship with the natural environment background and socio-economic development.The research can provide a reference for the tourism industry to promote highquality urbanization development in the study region.

关 键 词：旅游城镇化 青藏高原 旅游就业 空间分异 影响机理 

分 类 号：F592.7[经济管理—旅游管理] F299.27[经济管理—产业经济]