世界级优秀女子400m自由泳运动员分段成绩与体能分配研究  

A Study of Segmental Performance and Physical Energy Allocation in 400 MetersFreestyle for World class Outstanding Female Athletes

作　　者：雷震洲 崔延卿 LEI Zhenzhou;CUI Yanqing(School of Tourism Health,Lishui Vocational and Technical College,Lishui 323000,China;College of Physical Education and Health Sciences,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China)

机构地区：[1]丽水职业技术学院旅游健康学院,浙江丽水323000 [2]浙江师范大学体育与健康科学学院,浙江金华321004

出　　处：《景德镇学院学报》2023年第6期43-46,共4页Journal of JingDeZhen University

摘　　要：为揭示世界级优秀女子400 m自由泳运动员在速度和体能分配上的规律,文章选取了2022年第19届国际泳联世锦赛女子400 m自由泳决赛中的前3名和4至8名的两组运动员进行差异性分析;此外,还对世界冠军Katie LEDECKY和中国运动员汤慕涵进行了个案对比分析。结果表明:(1)相较于第二组运动员(4—8名),第一组运动员(前3名)的每个分段用时更短,尤其是第5段用时差距尤为明显。体能分配方面,第1至3段少,而第4至8段较多。因此,建议运动员应注重200 m至250 m段的速度训练,并适当增加后程的体能分配。(2)Katie LEDECKY比汤慕涵在每个分段的速度更快,显示出明显的实力差距。而在体能分配方面,Katie LEDECKY在第1至4段的体能分配少,而在第5至8段上则较多。因此,建议汤慕涵提升中后程竞速实力,并增加200 m至400 m的体能分配。In order to reveal the speed rhythm and physical energy allocation pattern of 400m freestyle for world class outstanding female athletes,this article selects two groups of athletes,including the top 3 and the 4th 8th in the final of women's 400m freestyle at the 19th FINA World Championships in 2022,for difference analysis.At the same time,the world champion Katie LEDECKY and Chinese athlete TANG Muhan are selected for case comparison analysis.The results manifest as the following:(1)the athletes in the first group(top 3)take shorter time for each section of the whole race compared with the athletes in the second group(4th 8th),and the difference in the time for section 5 is especially obvious;the allocation of physical energy is less in sections 1 to 3,and more in sections 4 to 8.It is recommended that athletes should focus on speed training in the 200 m to 250 m segments,and increase the allocation of physical energy in the latter part of the race appropriately.(2)Katie LEDECKY is faster than Tang Muhan in each segment,and there is an obvious strength gap;Katie LEDECKY has less physical energy allocation in the 1st to 4th segments and more in the 5th to 8th segments than Tang Muhan.It is suggested that TANG Muhan should improve her speed in middle and back end course,and increase the allocation of physical energy in 200m to 400m segment.

关 键 词：世界级女子运动员 400m自由泳 速度 体能分配 

分 类 号：G861.11[文化科学—体育训练]