结构设计驱动的橡胶类复合材料柔性传感器压阻性能设计研究进展  

Structure driven piezoresistive performance design for rubbery composites-based sensors and application prospect:a review

作　　者：尚家琛 杨恒 姚学锋 陈浩森 Jiachen Shang;Heng Yang;Xuefeng Yao;Haosen Chen(Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi-functional Composite Materials and Structures,Instiute of Advanced Structure Technology Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;School of Transportation Science and Engineering,Beihang University Beijing 100191,China;Department of Engineering Mechanics,AML,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi-functional Composite Materials and Structures,Instiute of Advanced Structure Technology Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China [2]School of Transportation Science and Engineering,Beihang University Beijing 100191,China [3]Department of Engineering Mechanics,AML,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China

出　　处：《Acta Mechanica Sinica》2024年第1期155-182,共28页力学学报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12102044 and 11872228);the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(Grant No.YESS20220131).

摘　　要：近年来,柔性应变及应力传感器因其灵敏度高、应变范围大、形式多样等显著优点引起研究人员的广泛关注.柔性传感器在可穿戴电子、智能机械、结构健康监测等领域有着重要的应用价值和广阔的市场前景.同时,这些新兴领域也对柔性传感器的性能要求更为苛刻.导电橡胶复合材料具有高拉伸、高力敏、高稳定性的特点,是制备高性能柔性压力传感器的理想材料,进一步提升导电橡胶复合材料柔性传感器的性能是该领域发展重点之一,本文综述了导电橡胶类复合材料的制备方法和力电响应机理,重点介绍了通过结构设计提高柔性压力传感器性能的方法,包括内部导电网络结构设计、基体结构设计和导电聚合物复合材料整体结构设计等.同时,文章还介绍了柔性传感器的主要应用领域.最后,总结了柔性传感器目前发展中存在的问题,并对未来的发展方向进行了讨论。Recently,flexible pressure and strain sensors have attracted the attention of researchers because of their high sensitivity,broad strain-sensing ability,and various forms.Flexible sensors have essential applications and broad market prospects in fields such as wearable electronics,intelligent machines,and structural health monitoring.At the same time,these emerging fields also require more significant performance requirements for flexible sensors.Conductive rubber composite materials have high tensile strength,high electromechanical sensitivity,and high stability,making them ideal for fabricating of high-performance flexible pressure sensors.Therefore,further improving the performance of conductive flexible rubber composite pressure sensors is developmental focus.In this review,the preparation and electromechanical response mechanisms of conductive polymer composites are summarized,and methods for improving the performance of flexible sensors through structural design are introduced,including conductive network structural design,substrate structural design,and conductive polymer composite structural design.In addition,the main applications of flexible pressure sensors are introduced.Finally,problems in developing flexible sensors are summarized,and future development directions are discussed.

关 键 词：柔性传感器 柔性压力传感器 应力传感器 网络结构设计 智能机械 结构健康监测 可穿戴 导电橡胶 

分 类 号：TB33[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TP212[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]